The Southern Section Chapter 8 Section 3

Points to Ponder Why did the economy of the South remain largely agricultural? How did the lives of slaves differ on large and small farms? What were the results of slave revolts?

“King Cotton” In the 1800s, comfortable cotton clothing was the main wardrobe of most people From 1820-1860, King Cotton rose to meet 2/3 of America’s exports Creating enormous wealth in the South The Economy of the South was based on cash crops Cotton Tobacco (VA) Sugar and Rice (SC) Horses (KY)

Geography of Southern Farming Much more Rural than North Made up of farms and countryside The physical geography made farming ideal 200-290 frost free days, fertile soil, plentiful rain Slow industrial growth Southerners hated relying on the Northern banks, shipping companies and textile mills but few wanted to enter these trades

Plantations Most owners were self-made, working hard to start a farm and then enjoyed its growth later on Hundreds of thousands owned only a few slaves, raising cash crops on small individual farms After the cotton gin, Southerners rushed to gain land to build large cotton plantations

The Slavery System By 1804, all the northern states had banned slavery, but Congress could not keep new slaves from entering America until 1808. Slavery increased sharply in the South even after the ban, with the offspring of slaves being born into slavery 3.2 million by 1860 Slaves made up more than ½ the population in SC and MS, 2/5 of FL, AL, and LA

Life for Slaves varied On small farms they worked side by side with their owners, eating with them and sleeping in the same house Just as often though, slaves were mistreated Most slaves lived on large plantations Slave communities were common Generally harsher than small farms Slaves were seen as property Families could be split apart and sold for any reason

An enslaved man, Moses Grandy saw his wife pass by on the street with a group of African Americans who had been sold to a slave holder named Rogerson. This is what Grandy remembers: “Mr. Rogerson was with them on his horse, armed with pistols. I said to him, ‘For God’s sake, have you bought my wife?’ He said he had: when I asked him what she had done, he said she had done nothing, but that her master wanted money. He drew out a pistol and said that if I went near the wagon on which she was, he would shoot me. I asked for leave to shake hands with her, which he refused, but said I might stand at a distance and talk with her. My heart was so full that I could say very little…I have never seen or heard from her that day to this. I love her as I love my life.” ~Narrative of the Life of Moses Grandy, 1844

Slave Revolts Vesey’s Plan Denmark Vesey bought his freedom with lottery winnings Became a preacher and spoke against slavery using the Bible and the Declaration of Independence 1822: planned the most ambitious slave revolt in American history Plotted to seize the city of Charleston He was betrayed and hanged with 34 others

Turner’s Rebellion Nat Turner, an African American preacher, planned and carried out a violent uprising in 1831 70 slaves raided white families in Southern Virginia Attacked 4 plantations, killing 57 white people The Local Militia captured them and hanged 20 including Turner Frightened whites in turn killed 100 innocent African Americans These revolts frightened Southerners, since black usually outnumbered them. So they restricted Slavery even further Not allowed to learn to read, move around, or meet freely together.

Points to Ponder Why did the economy of the South remain largely agricultural? How did the lives of slaves differ on large and small farms? What were the results of slave revolts?

Individual Wiki Post: Topic: "How did economic developments encourage tensions among the American regions?” 3 Paragraphs GREAT GRAMMAR!!! Legible 2 Examples to back up your thesis

2008 Summary Essay : Topic: "What can make people from the same group have different opinions?“ Economies of North and South Slavery Modern Example (must be specific) 2-3 Paragraphs GREAT GRAMMAR!!! Legible