Aaron Raymond See Department of Electrical Engineering Southern Taiwan University 11/17/20151

  Introduction  Methodology  Preliminary Results  Conclusions  References Outline 11/17/20152

  Over 30 years…. EEG asymmetry  Emotional states  Psychophysiological conditions Introduction 11/17/20153 From: Carvalho A et al (2011) Journal of Affective Disorders, 129, pp Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67, pp.1-5

 11/17/20154 Introduction Fig. 1 Frontal EEG asymmetry as a moderator. Model adapted from Baron and Kenney (1986). From: Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67:7-49.

  Effects of relatively greater left frontal activity:  General appetitive  Approachable  Behavioral activation  Motivational Introduction 11/17/20155

  Effects of greater right frontal activity  General avoidance  Withdrawal behaviors  Fear  Anxiety Introduction 11/17/20156

  EEG asymmetry measurement  Index computed through the difference between the natural logarithm of the left hemisphere alpha power from right hemisphere alpha power  = ln(right alpha power) – ln(left alpha power) Introduction 11/17/20157 From: Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67 :7-49. Jetha M et al (2009) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 72 :

 Fig. 2 Scatterplots of the relation between EEG alpha asymmetry (ln right hemisphere minus ln left hemisphere power) in the frontal regions for eyes-open and eyes closed conditions. From: Jetha M et al (2009) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 72: /17/20158 Introduction

  The factors may be considered as an index for the risk of anxiety and depression. Fig. 3 Spectral asymmetry index values averaged over a group of depressive and control subjects From: Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67:7-49. Smit DJA et al (2007) Biological Psychology, 74: Hinrikus H et al (2009) Med Biol Eng Comput, 47: Introduction 11/17/20159

 Fig. 4 Frontal asymmetry (mean and sd) in normal, remmitted and depressed elderly subjects. From: Carvalho et al. Journal of Affective Disorders, 129, pp , /17/ Introduction

  Music was found to be correlated with emotional experience. Introduction 11/17/ Fig. 5 Differences among four musical excerpts on left and right frontal EEG alpha power From: Schmidt L and Trainor et al (2001) Cognition and Emotion, 14:

 Objective: To determine the effects on EEG asymmetry of resting EEG after listening to melancholic music. Introduction 11/17/201512

 Subjects: 3 Male University Students Mean Age 20 Yrs Old Experimental procedure: Divided into 3 parts  1 st measure continuous resting eyes closed EEG 10 mins  2 nd listen to melancholic songs no EEG recording 10 mins  3 rd measure continuous resting eyes closed EEG 10 mins Methodology 11/17/201513

  Nu Amps Express of NeuroScan Company  16 channels were placed according to the system  Impedance was kept at 5 kΩ  The channels recorded are composed of the following:  Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4, C3, and C4  Bandpass filtered using: Hz  Sampling Frequency: 1000 Hz Methodology 11/17/201514

  Harmonic parameter extraction:  Beta, Alpha, Theta, Delta  Single side power of each harmonic parameter  Power is normalize  Asymmetry index  ln[right alpha] – ln[left alpha] Methodology 11/17/201515

 Preliminary Results Fig. 6 EEG asymmetry of subject 1 11/17/201516

 Preliminary Results Fig. 7 EEG asymmetry of subject 2 11/17/201517

 Preliminary Results Fig. 8 EEG asymmetry of subject 3 11/17/201518

 Preliminary Results Fig. 9 Average EEG asymmetry of 3 subjects 11/17/201519

 Subject 1 LeftRight BeforeAfterBeforeAfter Beta Alpha Theta Delta Preliminary Results Table 1. EEG asymmetry index comparison 11/17/201520

 Preliminary Results Fig. 10 EEG asymmetry comparison 11/17/201521

  Melancholic music presented to the subjects were able to display observable changes in the EEG asymmetry indexes and the normalized power of the harmonic parameters.  The asymmetry indexes were brought closer to the baseline after listening to the set of music.  Beta power increase and decrease were observed to affect theta changes. Conclusions 11/17/201522

  More experiments may determine new methods to provide a definitive test on emotional and psychological states. Conclusions 11/17/201523

 The authors would like to thank the financial support from National Science Council of Taiwan on grant number NSC E Acknowledgements 11/17/201524

  P. Possel, (2008) Biological Psychology, 78:  Wheeler RE et al (1993) Psychophysiology, 30 : 82–89.  Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67 :  Jones NA, Field T, and Davalos M (1998) Infant behavior and Development, 21 : 527–530.  Coan JA, Allen JJ B ( 2003) The Asymmetrical Brain, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 565–615.  Davidson RJ (1993) Cognition and Emotion 7 : 115–138.  Harmon-Jones E and Allen JJ B (1997) Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106: 159–163.  Hinrikus H et al (2009) Med Biol Eng Comput, 47 :  Grin-Yatsenko et al (2010) Clinical Neurophysiology, 121 : References 11/17/201525

  Harmon-Jones E, Gable P A, and Peterson C K (2010) Biological Psychology, 84 :  Lin YP et al (2010) Neuroreport, 21 :  Sokhadze E (2007) Applied Pyschophysiology and Biofeedback, 32 :  Carvalho A et al (2011) Journal of Affective Disorders, 129 :  Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67 : 1-5.  Jetha M et al (2009) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 72 :  Smit DJA et al (2007) Biological Psychology, 74:  Schmidt L and Trainor et al (2001) Cognition and Emotion, 14:   s.htm  dramatic-life-after-a-death-scene/  11/17/ References

 11/17/201527