SAFETY FIRST! ST HS:

FOLLOW ALL INSTRUCTIONS w Instructions may be verbal. w Instructions may be written. w Do not perform unauthorized experiments.

STUDY ALL INSTRUCTIONS w Read instructions carefully. w Know about hazards before you begin. w READING + KNOWING = SUCCESS

REPORT ALL ACCIDENTS w Report accidents to your teacher. w React to accidents quickly and calmly.

ACT IN A RESPONSIBLE MANNER AT ALL TIMES w The laboratory is a work place. w The laboratory is not a playroom. w Horseplay will not be tolerated.

KNOW YOUR SAFETY EQUIPMENT w Goggles - for eye protection w Eyewash station - for flushing of the eyes w Fire blanket - for smothering clothing fires w Safety shower - for clothing fires as well as extensive chemical spills on body. w Fire extinguisher - for fires NOT on a person

WEAR YOUR SAFETY GOGGLES w activities involving chemicals w activities involving heating of materials w activities involving glass materials!

STAY OUT OF RESTRICTED AREAS w Certain areas may present special hazards. w Enter restricted areas only with teacher permission.

KEEP YOUR WORK AREA CLEAR w Keep personal items not needed for an experiment away from the lab area. w Keep aisles free of all obstructions and book bags! w Place equipment and materials not needed for a lab activity in their proper storage area.

CLEAN UP ALL SPILLS w Tell your teacher what was spilled. w Clean up minor spills with paper towels. w Clean up a solid spill with a broom and dustpan and dispose of it where indicated by your teacher.

BROKEN GLASSWARE w Clean up broken glassware with a broom and dustpan. w Dispose of broken glassware in the special box provided in the lab area. w Inform the teacher of the break and get a replacement.

WEAR APPROPRIATE CLOTHING w Loose fitting clothing or jewelry can get damaged by equipment, chemicals, or heating devices. w Clothing damage may lead to bodily injury. w Wear aprons to protect clothing when appropriate.

INSTRUCTIONS WHEN USING GAS OR HOTPLATES wDwDo not play with gas valves. wDwDo not leave Bunsen burners or hotplates unattended. wTwTurn off Bunsen burners or hotplates when they are not being used.

SPECIAL ELECTRICAL HAZARDS w The biggest electrical hazard in laboratory situations is electrical shock. w The human body is a good conductor of electricity

REDUCE THE POSSIBILITY OF SHOCK w Turn power off to work on equipment. w Turn power off when you are finished. w Avoid letting metal objects come in contact with exposed connections.  Don ’ t stand on a wet floor when working with electrical equipment. w Keep your work area uncluttered.

SPECIAL MECHANICAL HAZARDS w Spinning components can cut skin or clothing. w Objects that come into contact with a spinning component can cause sparks or can damage the equipment.

OTHER MECHANICAL HAZARDS w Moving gears are able to pinch skin and snag clothing. w Weights can cause injury if dropped on a foot or hand. Use care when handling weights particularly in a pulley experiment.

SPECIAL HAIR INSTRUCTIONS w Tie back long hair when using chemicals, heat, or equipment with gears or spinning parts. w Hair preparations such as hairspray, gels, and mousse are often very flammable. Their use in a lab situation is discouraged.

NO EATING OR DRINKING IS ALLOWED IN THE LABORATORY.

PROPER USE OF CHEMICALS AND EQUIPMENT w Use equipment in the manner indicated by your teacher. w Read the labels on chemicals very carefully. w Equipment and chemicals are NOT to be removed from the laboratory without teacher permission

THE RIGHT TO KNOW LAW Purpose of the law: To give you the information that you need so you can protect yourself, others and property. It ’ s your right to know what kind of chemicals you are working with in a lab!!! DELAWARE ’ S HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL INFORMATION ACT Is better known as the

A Hazard Communication is: w A written document detailing the hazards of using a particular chemical w A sign warning of the potential dangers of a particular chemical in the vicinity w The label on a container instructing one on the use of that particular chemical w Any Communication warning one of a hazard

THE RIGHT TO KNOW LAW REQUIRES THAT YOU BE INFORMED OF w IMMEDIATE DANGERS WHEN USING A CHEMICAL (Acute) w POSSIBLE LONG TERM HEALTH EFFECTS OF USING A CHEMICAL (Chronic)

ACUTE EXPOSURE Exposure to a lot of chemical substance in a short period of time. ACUTE REACTION A reaction that happens right away or within minutes or hours. (Burns, rashes, nausea)

IMMEDIATE (Acute) DANGERS WHEN USING A CHEMICAL wFwFires wEwExplosions wIwIrritations to the eyes or skin wBwBurns to the skin wPwPoisoning

CHRONIC EXPOSURE w Exposure to small amounts of a chemical over long periods of time CHRONIC REACTION A reaction that occurs or builds up over a long period of time (smokers hack)

POSSIBLE LONG TERM (chronic) HEALTH EFFECTS OF SOME CHEMICALS wCwCancer wRwRespiratory problems wBwBirth defects wMwMutations wOwOther illnesses

COMMON ROUTES OF EXPOSURE Ingestion (eat it) Skin / Eye Contact Skin = dermal or cutaneous Eye = ocular Inhalation (breath it)

HOW DO WE KNOW WHAT IS HAZARDOUS? wLwLabel contents (Look for one of three “ signal words ” Caution, Warning or Danger) wCwColor coding on the containers wNwNumber system on the containers wMwMSDS - Material Safety Data Sheets

Key Words w Caution w Warning w Danger These words are often followed by such words as: Combustible Flammable Explosive Oxidizer Reactive Corrosive Poison Irritant Carcinogen Toxic

LABEL CONTENTS w Name of the chemical w Chemical formula w Hazard warning (3 signal words) Caution, Warning or Danger w Manufacturer name for further safety information if needed

Chemical warning labels may have the following information listed: w Name of the chemical w Signal word w Hazard Statement w Precautions w Fire, Spill and leak instructions

Chemical warning labels may have the following information listed: w Instructions in case of exposure w Antidotes w Notes to physician w Handling and storage instructions

COLOR CODING ON CONTAINERS RED - FLAMMABLE YELLOW - REACTIVE BLUE - TOXIC OR POISONOUS WHITE -CORROSIVE OR CAUSTIC GREEN - RELATIVELY NONHAZARDOUS

NUMBER SYSTEM INDICATES THAT A CHEMICAL IS 4 -extremely toxic 3 -very toxic 2 -moderately toxic 1 -irritating, 0 -not known to be toxic

MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet w Identifies manufacturer w Gives physical properties w Indicates fire and explosion hazard w Identifies health hazard w Gives reactivity data w Indicates storage and handling procedures w Located in the black filing cabinet along the wall of windows, 2 nd drawer. MSDS sheets from Flinn Scientific

Threshold / Tolerance Limit Value (TLV) Permissible exposure Limit (PEL) The amount of exposure that a human being can be exposed to a particular hazardous substance without adverse affects “Ceiling” / TWA or LD 50

Reading Toxilogical PEL information ORL-RAT LD 50 : 4700 mg/kg The lethal dose for 50% of the population of tested rats is when those rats ingested 4700 mg of substance for every 1 kg of body weight. IHL-RAT LC 50 : N.A. SKN-RBT LD 50 : 9530 mg/kg Here the LC stands for lethal concentration in the surrounding breathable atmosphere. The N.A. stands for “not available” which means that this information has not been acquired. The The lethal dermal / cutaneous dose for 50% of the population of tested rabbits is when those rabbits came into contact with 9530 mg of substance per kg of body weight.

Parts per million (ppm) The amount of any substance dispersed into another. If you were to drop a 10 grams of Kool-Aid powder into a million grams of water you would have a solution containing 10 parts of Kool-Aid to 1 million parts of water or simply just 10 ppm of Kool-Aid to water.

Vocabulary to Know w Acute w Asphyxiant  “ C ” or ceiling w Carcinogen w Chronic w Combustible w Concentration w Corrosive w Cutaneous w Dermal Dilute EPA DOT Flash point Ignitable Ingestion Inhalation Irritant LD50 Lethal concentration Lethal Dose Mutagen Narcosis Oxidation Reactivity Sensitizer Solvent Solute Teratogen Toxicity Toxic PEL TLV

Extra Credit w Find a chemical in your house. Cleaning products are the easiest. Locate the active ingredients on the label w Take pictures of the label that shows the active ingredients, the key word and the name of the substance. You may have to take more than one picture. w Go online and find the MSDS sheet for the active ingredients. w Import the pictures and msds sheet into a presentation. Can be powerpoint or prezi or…? w Highlight and report on the toxilogical information and safety precautions for use and storage. w. it to me If you present it to the class you get another 15 pts!