Unit 0 Exam and Intro to States/Phases of Matter

Agenda 10 min: Take seats, pass out exams, review instructions. 45 min: Unit 0 Exam 30 min: Intro to States of Matter  Catalyst (3 min)  I Do: The States of Matter (8 min)  We Do: Review Energy/Heating and Cooling Diagrams (10 min)  You Do: Questions (9 min) 5 min: Closing

Exam Instructions The test is comprised of 28 multiple choice questions. DO NOT WRITE ON THE EXAM SHEET. Record your answers on a blank sheet of paper. When you finish, raise your hand for Ms. Hagan to collect your exam Label your folder with your first and last name and period.  Add all papers to your folder, put in this order: do nows/catalysts, classwork, homework and notes.

Objective and Essential Question Objective 1: SWBAT differentiate among the four states of matter. Objective 2: SWBAT relate the behavior of the four states of matter to the energy and motion of their particles. Essential Question: How can we differentiate among the different states of matter in terms of the motion and energy of their particles?

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE SHAPE AND VOLUME OF THE STATES OF MATTER? Video of Solid, Liquids and Gases

GASES Take shape and volume of their container Particles are separated from each other Particles move in a straight line and random manner

LIQUIDS Have definite volume and take the shape of their containers Particles are closely spaced Motion is random but limited Particles slip past and collide with near neighbors

SOLIDS Have definite shape and volume Particles are in fixed positions Particles collide only with near neighbors

Notes: States of Matter ShapeVolumeCompress?Energy and Motion of Particles Solid DefiniteFixedVery hard to compress Lowest energy, lowest motion/speed Liquid IndefiniteFixedHard to compress Medium energy, medium motion /peed Gas IndefiniteVolume of Container Easy to compress Highest energy, fastest motion/speed

QUESTION LEADS TO KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY!! But WHY do the molecules have different energies and motions in different states?

Kinetic Molecular Theory Theory that all matter is composed of atoms and molecules that are in constant motion The particles move at random and are composed of kinetic energy The more energy (heat) a particle has, the faster it will move Highest energy, fastest motion Lowest energy, slowest motion

KMT: Ice vs. Steam Which has a higher temperature (more heat)? Which has more energy? Which has particles that are moving faster?

STEAM ICE Molecules have high energy (temperature) Molecules move fast and collide in a random motion Molecules vibrate Energy (temperature) is low Molecules are tightly packed KMT: ICE vs. STEAM

SIMULATION OF KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY mulation/states-of-matter

We Do: Analyze a Heating/Cooling Diagram Where is the energy of the particles the highest? The lowest? Energy = Heat (temp)

We Do: Analyze a Heating/Cooling Diagram What state of matter do you expect the substance to be at A and E? Energy = Heat (temp)

We Do: Analyze a Heating/Cooling Diagram A, C, and E represent the three states of matter. Draw a diagram showing how the arrangement of their particles and how they would fill a container. Energy = Heat (temp)

Unit 1: Homework #1 1. In what way are liquids and gases alike? In what way are liquids and solids different? 2. Based on your understanding of particle motion, explain why gases take up more space than the same amount of liquid. 3. How can we describe the different states of matter in terms of the motion and energy of their particles?