Age of Jackson Nationalism vs. Sectionalism Chapter X

Nationalism Pride in ones country, feeling of spirit The War of 1812 Manifest Destiny “American System” national roads, canal systems, eventually railroads Andrew Jackson

Sectionalism Different economies in different regions North was becoming increasingly dominated by factories South was pure agriculture Slavery was still allowed in the south time of economic depression Tariffs and states rights Fletcher vs. Peck (nullified a Georgia Law) Missouri Compromise 1820

Monroe Doctrine 1823 Year before controversial election of 1824 Then President James Monroe issued this important document America would stay out of eastern hemisphere European countries could no long colonies in the Western Hemisphere

Election of 1824 John Quincy Adams Despite losing both popular and electoral vote Henry Clay broke tie in the House Clay then became Sec. of State Cause a split in Dem- Republican Party

1828 Adams vs. Jackson II Adams followers became National-Republicans (Whigs) National government should take a leadership role Gov’t should promote National unity Favor of National Bank Tended to be middle class, established Protestants Jackson’s follower became Democrats Government should remain inactive Individual states should be responsible for improvements Against National Bank Tended to be slave holders, small farmers, non-protestant working class

“Old Hickory” Man of the People Jackson wins by an overwhelming majority Immediately fires officials that worked for Adams Begins the “Spoil System” starts giving all of his supporters jobs Began Rotation in Office, so one group can not become too powerful #12

King Andrew I Jackson vetoed more bills than the previous 6 presidents combined Major issue was tariffs North greatly profited from high tariff because most good were made in the north South called them “Tariff of Abomination.” South Carolina wanted the ability to Nullify a Government law Jackson threatened to use the Army South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union Presidential Power

Nullification Crisis 1932 new tariff lowered price of manufactured goods Not low enough for the south John C. Calhoun, SC, threatened to secede Compromise was reached to lower tariffs over the next ten years

National Bank Bank was up for re-charter in 1836 Jackson vetoed the charter Supporters of the bank sharply opposed Jackson's policy Firmly established the political parties National-Republican began referring to themselves as the Whigs, like parliament in England against the King #14

Indian Removal Act Indians controlled desirable land (fertile, gold) Jackson forced the relocation of about 100,000 Native Americas Supreme Court Justice John Marshall said this was unconstitutional (Worcester v. Georgia) Jackson said, let him try to enforce it “Trail of Tears” #13