Proteins IB Biology Topic 3.

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Presentation transcript:

Proteins IB Biology Topic 3

Deduce the name of each molecule WITHOUT your notes Ribose Maltose Starch Glucose

Proteins Proteins are composed primarily of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. However, some contain sulphur. They are all composed of structural monomers called amino acids. Their differences from organism to organism is due to differences in the DNA which contains the instructions for their formation. Eg. Eye color, Blood type

Protein Functions Carrying out of metabolic processes: Enzymes Structure: Building structural components of organisms (collagen, elastin, keratin, microtubules, microfilaments) Regulation of metabolic processes: Hormones (insulin) Carrying out of metabolic processes: Enzymes Membrane component: Carrier proteins, Protein pumps, Transport of materials through membrane phospholipid layers Self and non-self recognition: Major histocompatibility complexes (Tissue rejection, immune responses). Membrane receptors: Hormone receptors and neurotransmitter receptors.

Amino Acids: Structural Monomers Amino acids derive their name due to the presence of an amine group and a carboxylic group as part of their composition. They have a central carbon with the amine group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen, and a variable group (R group) attached to it. The variable group is what is different from amino acid to amino acid and it is what give the amino acid its identity. There are twenty different variable groups, therefore there are twenty different amino acids.

Amino Acid Variety