Imperial Perspective Chapter 2. The Glorious Revolution of 1688-89  Charles II died in 1685 and was succeeded by his brother, the duke of York.  James.

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Presentation transcript:

Imperial Perspective Chapter 2

The Glorious Revolution of  Charles II died in 1685 and was succeeded by his brother, the duke of York.  James II openly parade his Catholic faith.  Parliament invited James’s Protestant daughter Mary and her husband, the Dutch leader William of Orange to assume the throne as joint monarchs.  James II fled to France.  Bill of Rights and Toleration Act (1689)  Limited the powers of rulers and affirmed freedom of Worship for Christians.  Did not limit the king’s power in America.

John Locke  Defended the overthrow of James II, which set a precedent for revolution against the monarch.  Two Treatises on Government (1690)  Contract theory of government argued that people were endowed with natural rights to life, liberty, and property.  When rulers violated these rights, the people could overthrow the monarch and change their government.

The Habit of Self- Government  Americans liked being British subjects.  Opportunities for trade and commerce.  Military protection.  Political stability.  Benefits had few costs.  Salutary neglect.  Home rule.

Troubled Neighbors  Indian-wars  A series of Indian wars in the mid-1670s  King Philip’s War in New England between colonists and the Wampanoag tribe.  Bacon’s Rebellion  Virtually a civil war in Virginia over how to control the Indians.  Nathaniel Bacon burned Jamestown in 1676 in an effort to arrest the governor.  Bacon became ill and died of swamp fever.

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England vs. France  A competition to dominate world trade and naval power. Intensified after the Glorious Revolution.  Four Wars  War of the League of Augsburg / King William’s War ( )  War of the Spanish Succession / Queen Anne’s War ( )  War of the Austrian Succession / King George’s War ( )  Seven Years’ War / French and Indian War ( )

French & Indian War (Seven Years’ War)  Expansion led to conflict.  The Ohio Valley  French Fort Duquesne.  George Washington and Fort Necessity.  Three Phases  : British in North America losing  : War starts in Europe/England in charge  : English win one battle after another.

Peace of Paris (1763)  France: Ended French power in North America.  Britain: Everything east of Mississippi River (except N.O.)  Spain: Louisiana

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Postwar Expectations  Colonial pride and optimism  English resentments  Unsatisfied with colonists role in war  Want more control  Want colonies to help pay for defense  4 wars left England in enormous debt