8.2.1 Origins of the Constitution. Content Objective SWBAT identify the importance of the Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights and the Mayflower Compact.

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Presentation transcript:

8.2.1 Origins of the Constitution

Content Objective SWBAT identify the importance of the Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights and the Mayflower Compact

Language Objective SWBAT summarize the importance of the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, and the Mayflower Compact.

Magna Carta The Great Charter King John of England agreed to obey the same laws as citizens. Basically limits the power of the King.

English Bill of Rights Passed in 1689 Declared the supremacy of Parliament. The King or Queen could not pass taxes or change laws without Parliament’s consent. Representatives had more power.

Mayflower Compact Agreed to make laws that were fair and good for everyone. The first attempt at self government in the English colonies.

8.2.7 Principles of Government

U.S. Constitution James Madison

Constitutional Convention Delegates from the 13 states met at Independence Hall in Philadelphia to create a working government.

Popular Sovereignty “WE THE PEOPLE” The people must give the government power to rule. The Constitution is a contract between the American people and their government.

Limited Government The government has only the powers that the people grant it The Constitution clearly states the powers of the national government.

Federalism The principle of Federalism divides power between the federal government and state governments. States can provide for the special needs and concerns of their citizens.

Separation of Powers The framers of the Constitution divided the power to prevent one person from abusing their power.

Checks and balances To prevent one branch of government from gaining too much power, each branch checks or controls the power of the other branches.

Federalist vs. Antifederalists

John Locke 1690 Locke stated two important ideas in his Two Treatises on Government. First, all people have the right to life, liberty and property. Second, government is an agreement between the ruler and the ruled.

Montesquieu 1748 Wrote The Spirit of the laws. In it he urged… Power of government be divided into three branches. Power of government clearly defined.

8.2.3 Major Debates in the Creation of the Constitution

Constitutional Issues The Great Compromise New Jersey Plan Vs Virginia Plan

New Jersey Plan Plan for small states. Keep large states from having too much power. Unicameral, one house, legislature. Each state equal vote

Virginia Plan Sovereignty to the central power. Bicameral, two house legislature Representatives chosen on basis of population. Larger states have more Representatives. Large states have more power.

House of Representatives States are represented according to population. Larger states have more representation in the House.

Senate In the Senate all states have equal representation. Smaller states are equal to the large states.

Counting Slaves North and South divided on issue of counting slaves for representation purposes. 3/5 Compromise allowed slaves to be counted as 3/5 of a person.

Choosing an Executive Electors are chosen by each state to vote for the President and Vice-President. Each state has the same # of electors as it has Senators and Representatives.

Ratification of Constitution The Constitution was ratified with the understanding that a Bill of Rights would be added. The Constitution was finished September 17, 1787.