Bell Ringer What was the name for the invasion of Normandy? Which president decided to drop the Atomic Bombs on Japan? What were the major reasons he made the decision?
Bell Ringer What does Anti-Semitism mean? What does Anti-Semitism mean? What was Hitler’s “Final Solution”? What was Hitler’s “Final Solution”?
Post WWII Recovery
Today’s Objectives Identify the major outcomes of World War II. Explain the purpose of the Geneva Convention. Describe the efforts to reconstruct Germany. Describe the efforts to reconstruct Japan. Explain the purpose of Yalta Conference and identify the main players. Evaluate how the losers of WWII were treated compared to losers of WWI.
Death Toll of the World Wars
Only a few great cities in Europe remained undamaged by the war. Most of Europe lay in ruins.
Outcomes of WWII 1. European powers' lost their empires. Where? 2. Two major WORLD powers were established: The United States & the U.S.S.R. Political Economic
U.S. vs. U.S.S.R.
3. War Crimes Trials Held in Nuremburg, Germany in Nazi leaders were put on trial. Accused of violating the laws of war and committing "crimes against humanity" (murder of 11 million people) Outcomes of WWII
Goring Before & After
4. Division of Europe--Iron Curtain Represents Europe's division between a mostly democratic Western Europe & communist Eastern Europe. Iron curtain speech, given by Winston Churchill, on March 5, "From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent" Outcomes of WWII
The Iron Curtain serves to keep people in …. and information out.
5. Establishment of the United Nations (UN) An international organization that was intended to protect the members against aggression. 50 nations that signed the UN charter pledged "to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war." Outcomes of WWII The UN is based in New York City
6. The Marshall Plan June 1947, U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall proposed that America give aid to any European country that needed it. This became known as the Marshall Plan. Marshall Plan: $13 billion in aid given to Europe. Aid included: food, machines, and rebuilding materials. Outcomes of WWII
7. Formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) & Warsaw Pact Rival alliances developed post WWII. NATO was developed to protect any nation who was attacked. Soviet Union viewed NATO as a threat and developed an alliance known as the Warsaw Pact. Outcomes of WWII
The Geneva Convention Purpose: To ensure the humane treatment of prisoners of war by establishing rules to be followed by all nations. During WWII: Prisoners in Europe were treated OK (in general). Prisoners in Japan were treated with savagery. VS.
1. Democratic government installed in West Germany & West Berlin 2. Germany & Berlin divided among the four Allied Powers Efforts to Reconstruct Germany
Post-War West Germany West Germany quickly emerged as an economic power in post-war Europe Cars Steel Coal
1. U.S. occupied Japan during Truman administration 2. Democracy & economic development 3. Eliminated Japan’s offensive military capabilities U.S. guaranteed Japan's security Efforts to Reconstruct Japan General Douglas MacArthur
Post-War Japan Japan emerged as the dominant economy in Asia By the 1970s, Japan was a world leader in autos and high tech fields
Today, Japan and Germany are two of the strongest democracies in the world— thanks in large part to America forcing it upon them after WWII.
Beginning of the Cold War Yalta Conference was a meeting to discuss post- war reconstruction Churchill, Roosevelt & Stalin February 1945 Soviet control of Eastern Soviet control of Eastern Not on my watch!
20th-Century History: : The Cold War Chapter 1: The Cold War: World War II Ends and the Allied Powers' Friendship Crumbles (1945)
Exit Ticket Which do you think is the better way to treat a losing country, the way the losers were treated after WWI OR the way they were treated after WWII? Provide details to explain why you think so.
Homework Complete the Study Guide and study it. Bring any questions you have to next class. Test is next class!