U.S. Imperialism

2 TRADITIONAL UNITED STATES FOREIGN POLICY WAS ISOLATIONIST “It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world” PRESIDENT GEORGE WASHINGTON, 1796

Isolationism to Imperialism isolationism – avoiding involvement in the affairs of other nations imperialism – practice of extending a nation’s power by gaining territories for a colonial empire Britain, France, Germany, Italy, & Russia  all had empires U.S. started wanting to expand U.S. economy through foreign trade; i.e. Hawaii

4 THE U.S. BECOMES AN IMPERIAL POWER HAWAII: 1898 MIDWAY ISLAND: 1867 WAKE ISLAND: 1898 GUAM: 1898 JOHNSTON ISLAND: 1898 PALMYRA ISLAND: 1898 SAMOA ISLAND: 1899 PHILIPPINES: 1898 PUERTO RICO: 1898 What is happening in this cartoon?

5 IMPERIALISM IN THE 19 TH AND EARLY 20 TH CENTURIES

Open Door Policy Japan defeated China; China = weak policy = All nations should have equal access to trade with China to make profits of their land Boxer Rebellion – Chinese resented this and rebelled; killed; foreign military defeated the Boxers h h tttt tttt pppp :::: //// //// wwww wwww wwww.... yyyy oooo uuuu tttt uuuu bbbb eeee.... cccc oooo mmmm //// wwww aaaa tttt cccc hhhh ???? vvvv ==== 9999 wwww FFFF jjjj jjjj dddd MMMM HHHH vvvv 2222 AAAA

7 THE CHINESE PEOPLE REACT TO IMPERIALISM BOXER REBELLION, 1900 BOXER SOLDIER Boxer rebel

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9 Who do all of the figures represent?

Spanish-American War Cuba rebelled against Spanish imperialism U.S. trade with Cuba suffering & Americans felt sympathetic to their cause (American Revolution) yellow journalism – the American press critical of the Spanish; they exaggerated stories to attract readers; i.e. William Randolph Hearst & Joseph Pullitzer USS Maine – exploded or bombed?  led to war with Spain (ex. of yellow journalism) Teddy’s soldiers = Rough Riders (specialized group)

Yellow Journalism journalism that features scandal- mongering, sensationalism, embellishments = unprofessional activity journalism that features scandal- mongering, sensationalism, embellishments = unprofessional activity exaggerating to sell more newspapers exaggerating to sell more newspapers

Rough Riders volunteer cavalry (horse-back soldiers) raised for the Spanish American War Assault on Santiago & Kettle Hill & San Juan Hill – defining battle to dominate Cuba

Fighting for the Ocean Islands War in Cuba! (1898) Spain defeated. Result = Puerto Rico, Guam, Cuba, Phillipines in U.S. Control: U.S. imperialism Panama Canal – link Pacific & Atlantic; 6,000 lives lost; built by the France & U.S.

Hawaii perfect sport for coaling stations and naval bases in Pacific Ocean (i.e. Pearl Harbor) perfect sport for coaling stations and naval bases in Pacific Ocean (i.e. Pearl Harbor) In late 1800’s, America wants it… the Hawaiian League (American businessmen’s secret group) created to overthrow the Hawaiian king  the bayonet constitution = king held at gunpoint to give in to American demands In late 1800’s, America wants it… the Hawaiian League (American businessmen’s secret group) created to overthrow the Hawaiian king  the bayonet constitution = king held at gunpoint to give in to American demands In 1898, America annexed Hawaii (as a territory); in 1959, Hawaii became a state In 1898, America annexed Hawaii (as a territory); in 1959, Hawaii became a state