VIRUSES ARE NOT ALIVE BUT AFFECT LIVING THINGS. VIRUSES SHARE SOME CHARACTERISTICS WITH LIVING THINGS VIRUSES MULTIPLY INSIDE LIVING CELLS VIRUSES MAY.

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Presentation transcript:

VIRUSES ARE NOT ALIVE BUT AFFECT LIVING THINGS

VIRUSES SHARE SOME CHARACTERISTICS WITH LIVING THINGS VIRUSES MULTIPLY INSIDE LIVING CELLS VIRUSES MAY HARM HOST CELLS

VIRUSES VIRUS means poison; much smaller than bacteria, can’t even be “filtered” out of a liquid like bacteria can be. Viruses have genetic material inside of a protective protein coat called a CAPSID. They come in many shapes & sizes, but all have a CAPSID and GENETIC MATERIAL. VIRUSES must use a host cell to reproduce (by making genetic material & capsids). Viruses do not grow & don’t respond to changes in the environment, so they are not living organisms

Viruses Multiply inside Living Cells Viruses use HOST CELLS to make copies of themselves. A bacteriophage (means bacteria eater) is used to show the process. ATTACHMENT: virus attaches to cell INJECTION: injects its DNA inside PRODUCTION: uses cell’s machinery to copy the viral DNA and capsids ASSEMBLY: viral DNA forces infected cell to assemble new viruses RELEASE: cell bursts open, releasing 100+ new viruses to infect other cells. Viruses have proteins on surface that look like proteins the host cell normally needs to fool it & “dock” onto sites of cell membrane

Viruses May Harm Host Cells Virus uses cell’s material, energy, and processes to reproduce often bursting out & destroying the host cell. (some just hide in cell or just make 1 virus at a time & not be as harmful) About 25 million people died of influenza virus in outbreak after WWI. Plant viruses can stunt growth & kill plants Plant, animals, bacteria & all other living things can be infected by viruses. Scientists can use viruses to insert pieces of genetic material into living cells. (like a marine organisms DNA into other tissue causing it to glow so can study it better)