Also: Drop-off your last warm-up/closer sheet and the Political Reforms packet from break. Pick-up the one for this week! Monday, 4/28 Describe a time when you or someone you know purchased food that was of poor quality or unfit to eat. What did you do? If this has never happened to you, what do you think you would do?

Wednesday, 12/07 – 4th period only Open your notebook to Morality Notes from yesterday. We need to get caught up since we had a shortened class on Tuesday!

Moral, Economic, Political, Social Specific Reforms (Social) Progressive Reforms Categories Moral, Economic, Political, Social Specific Reforms (Social) 1. Safer Food 2. Safer Medicines

Lesson Essential Question How do social issues and activism lead to reform? 5

FDA/Meat Inspection Act Vocabulary Conservationism Suffrage FDA/Meat Inspection Act Tenements Lynching 6

There are many – but they are some of the most fun to discuss! Social Reforms There are many – but they are some of the most fun to discuss!

SOCIAL REFORMS The idea that the government’s powers get expanded, so it could become more active in improving the lives of its citizens (a.k.a. Social Welfare)

Have you read “The Jungle”? Social Reform #1 Safer Food Have you read “The Jungle”? Yuck!

http://www.americanantiquarian.org/Exhibitions/Food/swift1.jpg

http://acincinnatihistory. blogspot http://acincinnatihistory.blogspot.com/2009/07/renascence-friday-city-built-on-bacon.html

http://www.americanantiquarian.org/Exhibitions/Food/swift4.jpg

A Famous Saying of The Times Mary had a little lamb And when she saw it sicken, She sent it off to Packingtown And now its labeled CHICKEN! A Famous Saying of The Times

Let’s Read some excerpts from The Jungle Written by Upton Sinclair Talks about the horrors of the meat packing industry Informs public and gov’t. of problem

Original caption: Typical dressing room in an American meat-packing house. This industry first developed conveying-belt methods. http://www.corbisimages.com/Search/SearchResults.aspx?q=%20"Food%20packaging%20plant“

Chicago - Meat Packing Industry - Swift's Packing House: pickling and curing warehouse (contains 10,000 tons of hams) http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2006679969/resource/?sid=9603b786d829c8660213a0c2a7c126ed

Splitting backbones and final inspection - hogs ready for cooler, Swift & Co., Chicago http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2004679461/resource/cph.3b03613/?sid=cb1cb501d5a51ad4a35b521de283279f

Unhairing machine at work http://www. loc

Chicago - Meat Packing Industry - Swift's Packing House: automatic scraping machine (capacity 1000 hogs per hour) http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2006679968/resource/?sid=eb7764f5e7b82d3d51f1f2121e5b76d9

Chicago - Meat Packing Industry - Swift & Co Chicago - Meat Packing Industry - Swift & Co.'s Packing House: great soup kettles - capacity 350,000 lbs. each http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2006679962/resource/?sid=eb7764f5e7b82d3d51f1f2121e5b76d9

Specific Detail of Issue Addressed Safer Food Government Inspection of Food Needed Proper Labeling Cleanliness of Factories

Result: Meat Inspection Act of 1906 All animals were required to pass an inspection by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) prior to slaughter All carcasses were subject to a post- mortem inspection Cleanliness standards were established for slaughterhouses and processing plants.

Check this out! Postmortem inspection, 1906. Source: Library of Congress http://www.lib.niu.edu/1999/iht639944.html

Closer – Mon., 4/28 In your opinion, do you think that Americans today are safe from the food and drug problems seen at the start of the 1900s? Please explain your position.

Tuesday, 4/29 Look at the “Vin Vitae” advertisement and highlight key words/phrases or pictures that reflects the culture of this time period, and something unusual or different compared to modern advertisements. Explain what you highlighted for today’s warm-up.

Social Reform #2 Safer Medicines Restrict Harmful Drugs Proper Labeling Government Approval of Future Drugs/Medicines

Medicines did not require a prescription. Patent Medicines Medicines did not require a prescription. Making exaggerated claims and were used for a variety of ailments. Contained dangerous ingredients.

...More Exaggerated Claims! Note ↑

Cocaine was a common ingredient – even for children's medicines

Until 1903, a typical serving contained around 60mg of cocaine “You'll be surprised how quickly it will ease the tired brain”

Morphine

Notice it's from the makers of Bayer Aspirin...

Result: Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) created and responsible for testing all foods and drugs planned for human use Prescriptions required from licensed physicians for certain drugs Warning labels required on habit- forming drugs