© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd IP Telephony and VoIP Presenter: Stephen Kingham

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov Outline Realise there is a difference between: –VoIP –IP Telephones –Video In terms of –Design –Support –View to the user –Business Case

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov Telephones BEFORE the 80s see note Basic Telephone service PABXs generally provided by Carriers, usually on Carrier recommended PABX equipment. In Universities it was provided by the “Buildings and Grounds” departments in Universities. Note: Starting with telephone services based on stored programme controlled TDM based switches. ©Stephen

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov Telephones in the 80s - deregulation Still Basic Telephone service Shared structured cabling between LAN and Telephones Generally still provided by Carriers. Some private networks using TDM and some tie-lines and voice compression. More choice of PABX platform. (Tele)Communications Section created by bringing the Voice and Data Communications together as separate Sections under one management group. ©Stephen

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov Telephones in – H.323 and VoIP Still Basic Telephone service But VoIP used to link PABXs together, and some VIDEO conferencing. Replaced TDM based. Huge improvement in reliability. VoIP needs WAN Section to work with Voice Section. VoIP is NOT IP Telephony ©Stephen

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov VoIP is like the Wide Area Network Technically VoIP contains the –Routeing –Servers, such as Voice Mail, IVR etc –Billing –QoS on WAN Support involves supporting Level 2 and Carrier connections (not Users!) Business case is around –Toll By Pass –Supporting IP Telephones and or Video

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov Telephones in – here comes H.323 and Proprietary protocols for IP Telephones Proprietary IP Telephones deployments: –H.323 too hard (although Avaya did it). –whole University Campuses (some of the largest Universities in Australia). –Some hybrids (IP Telephones with PABX left) and some entirely IP Telephony. –IP Telephony based on top of solid VoIP network. –Long term better investment and large reductions in adds moves and changes VoIP needs WAN Section to work with Voice Section. IP Telephony needs LAN Section to work with Voice Section There is a difference between VoIP and IP Telephony ©Stephen

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov IP Telephones are like LOCAL Area Network Technically it contains the –PABX replacement –Security –IP Phones –Power to IP Telephones –Billing –QoS on LAN –Access to emergency services Support involves supporting Users Business case is around –PABX Replacement –Reduce Costs for Adds Moves and Changes –Improved productivity and integration

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov IP Telephones in – Emergency Services Provide POTS phones as power fail/emergency phones, connected to Gateways to the PSTN at each Site. Ask how complicated it is to make sure Emergency phone calls are sent to local gateway (easy with new generation PBXs, eg SLIPPER and SER use exception and rules set routing and can use the source ip address?) ©Stephen

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov Telephones in The impact of SIP and 3 rd party Carriers The revolution begins! Explosion of SIP UAs and PABXs into the market. Many 3rd party providers of sip: accounts. Some proprietary solutions (eg Skype) plus some who lock customer in using SIP (eg MSN and Yahoo). All the IP Phone and traditional PABX vendors are moving to SIP. SIP based PBXs with exceptional capabilities and features, at a fraction of traditional TDM switches. Control given back to the user. Introduction of the Unix System Administrator (and programmer) skills into the Voice Section. ©Stephen

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov Telephones in The impact of SIP So in summary we have described three characteristics: VoIP –WAN, Gateways, QoS, MCUs, Toll Bypass, different support processes. IP Telephones –LAN, PABX stuff, Emergency Services, built on VoIP, different Business Case to VoIP, different support processes. Roaming IP Telephone (lets call that eduPhone?)! –A different type of IP Telephone! –Issues…… to be determined. ©Stephen

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov The impact of SIP Affordable SIP products (NOT H.323) Basic SIP IP phones below A$ phones video phones Speakerphones PDAs with SIP software MAC, Unix, and MSoft. Combination of Stephen Kingham and Quincy Wu’s talk, Cairns 2004

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov The impact of SIP SIP based PBXs Some of these offer exceptional features and capacities SIP Express Router (SER) Open Source from –one config file and mysql SIPx (Open Source), causing a lot of discussion Asterisk is not really SIP or H.323 –does some nasty things to the codec negotiations –but it is very popular. –Great for H323-SIP GW, IVR, and Voice Mail. –Many config files. Yate (Yet Another Telephone Engine) –Does many things and claims to have a great H.323-SIP gateway. There is the start of an explosion of very good quality SIP PBXs. ©Stephen

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov The impact of SIP providers of sip: accounts Provide sip accounts like “hotmail” provides accounts. (home of Open Source SIP Server SER) Free World Dial (fwd) fwd.pulver.comfwd.pulver.com (in Australia) And many many more, impossible to estimate the number Providers of closed sip accounts (is this unproductive behaviour?): MSN Yahoo Skype is NOT SIP – and has serious implications (kazaar)! Could Universities start loosing their customers to 3 rd party providers? Has this already started? ©Stephen

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov The impact of SIP Vendors moving to SIP (a sample for discussion) NEC Avaya Cisco new Call Manager is SIP in the core not skinny Nortel Microsoft With SIP it is easy to inter-work ©Stephen

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov The impact of SIP Here is a possible view of the future (today) a full Voic System in 20 lines of Perl (Slipper HelperApp::) #!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; use Slipper::HelperApp; my $stream = Slipper::HelperApp -> new_stream (shift, shift); if (! ref $stream) { print $stream. "\n"; exit 0; } my $return = $stream -> find_vm_target; if ($return !~ /^200/) { print $return; exit 0; } $stream -> report_port; $stream -> play_audio ($stream -> {'VM Greeting'}); $stream -> play_audio ('vm/pling.au'); my ($dtmf, $message) = $stream -> record_audio; exit 0 if (! defined $message); $stream -> send_vm ($message); exit 0; Slipper is an example of a modern commercial PABX Call Manager, even for a small Carrier

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov SIP Proxy DNS SIP-PBX Gateway PBX INVITE INVITE DNS SRV query sip.udp.bigu.edu telephoneNumber where mail=”bob” PRI / CAS bigu.edu Campus Directory SIP User Agent Bob's Phone SIP.edu Architecture (Phase 1) Dennis Baron, June 5, 2005 Page 17 np128 Links the sip address to a plain old telephone Cheap and (too?) easy to do

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov Dennis Baron, June 5, 2005 Page 18 np128 SIP.edu Reachable Users

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov PROPOSAL 1: eduPhone A precise definition is still needed but here is what we have today: It is to create a Service similar to fwd and skype. –Every one can get a SIP account. –Peering to the many 3 rd party VoIP Carriers (eg vonage and FWD) SIP account sits on top of existing Voice, Video, with PSTN connectivity: Optional extras: Hop off to the PSTN Hop on from the PSTN ENUM number Members then encourage staff etc to use the University’s approved service that can be secured and supported. ©Stephen

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov H.323 routing (all static configuration)

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov Uses a common dial-plan called the Global Dialling Scheme (GDS), based on E.164 with 00 in front. AARNet runs one of the four International Root Gatekeepers. Although in Australia we use the International dialplan Country Gatekeepers. More than 156 advance voice and video networks. A community of Higher Education, some industry, K-12 and Research Organisations. Enabler for international and national collaboration. Peek event is the international annual Megaconference, which is free for everyone, check out the programme: ADST 10 Dec Some statistics from International H.323

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov SIP Proxy DNS SIP-PBX Gateway PBX INVITE INVITE DNS SRV query sip.udp.aarnet.edu.au Telephone Number for Stephen PRI / CAS Aarnet.edu.au Campus Directory SIP User Agent Stephen's Phone SIP.edu Architecture: An achievable goal for a University Ref:

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov SIP Addressing in the future will be the preferred address, in addition to Telephone numbers “ , come here. I need you!” A. G. Bell did not say: I will prefer to call people using Within the next year you will see this on the bottom of footers and on business cards of Australian Universities. © Ben Internet2

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov SIP.edu Architecture: An achievable goal Ref:

© Copyright AARNet Pty Ltd Author: Nov SIP and E.164 routing Remember H.323 is static routing for everything. SIP can use the existing DNS to find people: or variations of E.164 plus domain: Dial a number on a UA, eg 3575 = domain. SIP we still need to have static routing  just like H.323…….BUT WAIT….. TRIP (rfc 3219) does for telephone numbers that BGP does for the entire Internet. Dynamic routing. and ENUM (rfc 2916) uses the DNS to find the full SIP address using a telephone number. ACA might have ENUM Tier 1 into Australia soon