Student of Plato, Teacher of Alexander the Great Philosopher Ideas in The Rhetorics all men make use, more or less, of both; for to a certain extent all men attempt to discuss statements and to maintain them, to defend themselves and to attack others Rhetoric may be defined as the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion.

Of the modes of persuasion furnished by the spoken word there are three kinds. The first kind depends on the personal character of the speaker [ethos] ; the second on putting the audience into a certain frame of mind [pathos]; the third on the proof, or apparent proof, provided by the words of the speech itself [logos]. "American Rhetoric: Aristotle's Rhetoric - Selected Moments." American Rhetoric: The Power of Oratory in the United States. Michael E. Eidenmuller. Web. 15 Nov

Must consider: Who (audience and speaker) What (topic, subject, purpose) When ( when due? What length?) Where (occasion) How (visual aids? Format?)

Before you can make good decisions, or present information, you need to have as much and as accurate information as possible KNOW YOUR STUFF

Society’s guidelines for right, just and moral behavior Logos Logic Pathos Emotion Ethos credibility

Violating ethical standards destroys credibility It is unethical for speakers to: Lie or deceive Distort Engage in namecalling Attack a person or idea without evidence Deny the opposition the right to reply

Your goal is to PERSUADE and not MANIPULATE Manipulation: the clever or devious management of facts for your own purpose. (based on unethical distortion of info, withholding key info, presenting ½ truths or purposely misrepresenting ideas and details)

It is the speaker’s responsibility to make sure the message is understood! As long as the listener is doing everything in his/her power to understand…