Warm-Up: Using the chart to the left, create a test question. Multiple choice with abcd choices. Circle the correct answer. Be prepared to share your question and answers Population of Colonial America Year Population , , , , , , , , ,900

The New England Colonies

Reasons For Coming ● The Pilgrims at Plymouth ● Religion: Puritans and Pilgrims & The Great Migration ● Political Freedom ● Economic Opportunity ● Social Mobility –A Better Way of Life ● England overcrowded and settlers wanted Land ● How did Religion influence the settlement and government of the New England Colonies? (self-governed) Notes in Green!

Physical Geography of New England Colonies ● Atlantic Ocean –Great Harbors = Higher Population Densities ● Poor, Rocky Soil and Cold, Long Winters ● Forests

Economy ● Raw Materials such as lumber ● Fishing -Whaling ● Shipbuilding ● Business (manufacturing, banking, etc.) ● Subsistence Farming

Religion ● Puritans ● Each congregation chose its own minister and regulated its own affairs—Congregational church ● Ministers worked closely with government – Ministers had no formal political power, but exerted great influence on church members ● Only church members could hold government office – Government protected the ministers, taxed members and non- members alike to support the church, and enforced the law requiring attendance at services

Society ● Small Coastal Towns (Boston only large city) ● Better Educated ● Town Meetings ● Salutary Neglect ● Strict Puritan Religion ● Virtuous, Hard-Working

Massachusetts Bay Company that brought the Pilgrims soon transformed itself into a colonial government – According to the company charter, the "freemen" (the 8 stockholders) were to act as the government –Majority Rule – definition of "freemen" was soon changed to include all male citizens, not just the stockholders By 1644, a bicameral legislature was established: – a lower House of Deputies – an upper chamber consisting of the governor and his council. Government

Massachusetts ● Founded in 1620 by the Pilgrims. ● Plymouth was the original name of the settlement. ● Puritans then came and settled Boston (Mass. Bay Colony) ● Massachusetts means at or near the great hill in Algonkian, Native American language. ● John Winthrop was the governor of this settlement. Plymouth PlantationPlymouth Plantation, with Cape Cod Bay visible in the distanceCape Cod Bay

Massachusetts The first Thanksgiving.

“A City Upon A Hill” “So shall we keep the unity of the spirit, in the bond of peace...Ten of us will be able to resist a thousand of our enemies...For we must consider that we shall be as a City upon a Hill, the eyes of all people are on us.” -John Winthrop Model of Christian Charity

Connecticut ●F●Founded in 1636 by clergyman Thomas Hooker. ●H●He led a group of people from Rhode Island to start their own colony and they had freedom of religion. ●W●Wrote the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut A map of the Connecticut, New Haven, and Saybrook colonies.

Thomas Hooker ● Reverend of a group of Boston Puritans ● Sermon greatly influenced the FOC – Elections by the people – Limited govt – Consent of the governed

New Hampshire ● Sold to the king of England in ● Royal colony: king chooses governor and no elected government

Rhode Island ●I●In 1636, Rhode Island became a colony after Roger Williams, a clergyman, obtained a charter from England to form the colony. ●H●He spoke out against the Puritans strictness and went to this area to settle and provide religious choice. ●R●Rhode Island also had freedom of religion Roger Williams “minister, author”

How did the physical characteristics of the environment influence population distribution, settlement patterns, and economic activities in the United States during the 17th and 18th centuries? How have human characteristics of a place, including political, economic, social and religious factors, influenced patterns of settlement and affected the development of colonies?