CLIMATE. WHERE IS THIS? CLIMATE V. WEATHER Weather is day-to-day events Climate is patterns of weather that can be expected in a given area.

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Presentation transcript:

CLIMATE

WHERE IS THIS?

CLIMATE V. WEATHER Weather is day-to-day events Climate is patterns of weather that can be expected in a given area

CLIMATE Interaction of atmosphere, lithosphere, Two properties of the globe influence climate: Angle of the Ecliptic Coriolis Effect

ANGLE OF THE ECLIPTIC

CORIOLIS EFFECT Because the earth rotates at a tilted angle (the ecliptic), a force develops that causes wind and water to move in a clockwise direction north of the equator Counterclockwise south of the equator At the equator itself is “doldrums” Thus, the equator is a phenomenon with real physical effects on the globe (as opposed to the arbitrary Greenwich or Prime Meridian)

FIVE FACTORS CREATE CLIMATE Solar radiation Precipitation Winds Ocean Currents Elevation

SOLAR RADIATION

PRECIPITATION – THINGS TO REMEMBER Warm air rises Cool air sinks Warm air can hold more moisture than cool air When warm air rises and cools, moisture is released Where this occurs in nature, this situation causes precipitation

PRECIPITATION: CONVECTIONAL

PRECIPITATION: OROGRAPHIC

PRECIPITATION: FRONTAL

FORMS OF PRECIPITATION Rain Freezing rain Sleet Hail Snow Frogs

GLOBAL WIND PATTERNS

JET STREAM – A HIGH-ALTITUDE STREAM OF AIR THAT CONTROLS WEATHER

MONSOONS

OCEAN CURRENTS Circulate warm water from equator Cold water from poles Circular pattern or “gyres” Where cold and warm currents meet, “upwelling” occurs, oxygenating the water and making great fishing conditions Current patterns are still not fully understood

OCEAN CURRENTS Circulation of warm and cold watersCurrent names

EFFECT OF ELEVATION

TYPES OF CLIMATES NAMING SYSTEMS

TROPICAL RAINY

TROPICAL SAVANNA Irregular rainy and dry seasonsSavannas flank rainforests

DESERTS –FOUR SCENARIOS (SOMETIMES OVERLAP) Interior of continents Cold currents off coast Between 18 and 31 degrees latitude Rain shadows

INTERIOR DESERTS

COASTAL DESERTS

RAIN SHADOW DESERTS Painted Hills

MEDITERRANEAN

MARINE OR MARINE WEST COAST RAINY! But mildBright green on map

HUMID CONTINENTAL

HUMID SUBTROPICAL

STEPPE Grasslands, mollisolsLow precipitation

SUBARCTIC

POLAR