STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features Presented By -Panchal Amol 12. O ur earth and its special feature s  Introduction – About solar system.  Factors that support life. i.Atmosphere ii. Hydrosphere iii.Lithosphere  The structure of the earths interior i. The crust ii. The mantle iii. The core  The moment of land mass.  Tsunami  Natural resources on the earth

r STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features Presented By -Panchal Amol Introduction – About solar system  There are eight planet in our solar system. 1.The earth is one of the planet in our solar system. 2.Solar system – Eight planets, their satellite some comets and asteroids togetherly forms solar system.  Planets – Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. 1.Smallest planet is mercury and biggest planet is Jupiter. 2.The earth is 15 core km away from the sun. 3.The life exist only on earth because suitable factor available only on the earth. 4.The revolution of the earth and its inclined plane causes change in season and climate.

STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features Presented By -Panchal Amol  Factors that support life. i.Atmosphere ii. Hydrosphere iii.Lithosphere

STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features Presented By -Panchal Amol  Factors that support life.  Atmosphere – *There is envelop of air all around the earth, called Atmosphere. * Air consists of mainly of nitrogen,oxygen and carbon dioxide, some water vapor and dust particle. *Oxygen is necessary for respiration and burning. * The atmosphere is earths protective shell.

STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features Presented By -Panchal Amol  Factors that support life.  Hydrosphere - * The earth has envelop of water too in the form of water ice and vapor this is called Hydrosphere. * Water occupies 71% of the earth’s surface. *Seas are very important for life on the earth.

STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features Presented By -Panchal Amol  Factors that support life.  Lithosphere –* The land on the earth forms an important part that is Lithosphere. * We get soil, mineral, land, stone, fuels from the lithosphere

STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features Presented By -Panchal Amol  The structure of the earths interior i. The crust ii. The mantle iii. The core 1.The crust – The outer most part of the earth is earth crust. 2. The mantle – It is below the earth crust. It includes about 82% total volume of the earth. 3.The core – The part of earth inside mantle is called earths core. It is very hot. It includes 16% of total volume of the earth.

The Lithosphere The crust and the upper layer of the mantle together make up a zone of rigid, brittle rock called the Lithosphere. The crust and the upper layer of the mantle together make up a zone of rigid, brittle rock called the Lithosphere. STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features

The Crust The crust is composed of two rocks. The continental crust is mostly granite. The oceanic crust is basalt. Basalt is much denser than the granite. Because of this the less dense continents ride on the denser oceanic plates. The crust is composed of two rocks. The continental crust is mostly granite. The oceanic crust is basalt. Basalt is much denser than the granite. Because of this the less dense continents ride on the denser oceanic plates. STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features

The Mantle The Mantle is the largest layer of the Earth. The middle mantle is composed of very hot dense rock that flows like asphalt under a heavy weight. The movement of the middle mantle (asthenosphere) is the reason that the crustal plates of the Earth move. The Mantle is the largest layer of the Earth. The middle mantle is composed of very hot dense rock that flows like asphalt under a heavy weight. The movement of the middle mantle (asthenosphere) is the reason that the crustal plates of the Earth move. STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features

Convection Currents The middle mantle "flows" because of convection currents. Convection currents are caused by the very hot material at the deepest part of the mantle rising, then cooling and sinking again --repeating this cycle over and over. The middle mantle "flows" because of convection currents. Convection currents are caused by the very hot material at the deepest part of the mantle rising, then cooling and sinking again --repeating this cycle over and over. STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features

The Outer Core The core of the Earth is like a ball of very hot metals. The outer core is so hot that the metals in it are all in the liquid state. The outer core is composed of the melted metals of nickel and iron. The core of the Earth is like a ball of very hot metals. The outer core is so hot that the metals in it are all in the liquid state. The outer core is composed of the melted metals of nickel and iron. STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features

The Inner Core The inner core of the Earth has temperatures and pressures so great that the metals are squeezed together and are not able to move about like a liquid, but are forced to vibrate in place like a solid. The inner core of the Earth has temperatures and pressures so great that the metals are squeezed together and are not able to move about like a liquid, but are forced to vibrate in place like a solid. STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features

Inner Core – 1200 km made of solid Fe, Ni. Inner Core – 1200 km made of solid Fe, Ni. Outer Core – 2250 km made of liquid Fe, Ni. Outer Core – 2250 km made of liquid Fe, Ni. Mantle – 2900 km made of dense rocks. Mantle – 2900 km made of dense rocks. Crust – 5 – 40 km made of solid lighter rocks. Crust – 5 – 40 km made of solid lighter rocks. Lithosphere (Crust and MOHO) – 100km thick. MOHO = Mohorovicic Discontinuity STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features

The End BONUS: Find a pair or trio and answer this question: Have we ever seen part of the Mantle? Explain. STD – 6 th SUB – SCIENCE 12.Our earth and its special features