Written Final Review

Describe wound location First picture only Lateral – toward the side (away from the midline) Anterior – toward the front Superior to waist (also meaning it is superior to the transverse plane)

Tissues Function 1: protection – Example: epithelial – Location: skin and lining of organs Function 2: secretion – Ex: epithelial – Location: skin and lining of organs Function 3: support – Ex: connective – Location: skin, bone, tendons, ligaments Function 4: movement – Ex: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle – Location: skeleton, heart, digestive tract, blood vessels Function 5: Conduction – Ex: nervous – Location: brain, spinal cord, nerves

Skin Outer layer: epidermis Middle layer: dermis Inner layer: hypodermis/subcutaneous Sweat glands: excrete waste and keep the body cool Sebaceous glands: lubricate and protect from infection Hair: Insulates, protects, senses

Burns 1 st degree: only in epidermis – Symptoms: redness, pain, swelling 2 nd degree: in epidermis and dermis – Symptoms: redness, pain, swelling, blisters 3rd degree: all layers – Symptoms: gray-white, blackened, no pain, skin grafts needed

osteoporosis Causes: – Lack of calcium – Age – Gender – Genetics – Disease – Injury Effects: – Bone softening, breakdown of bone, bones break more easily, Prevention: – Consume enough calcium, exercise, no smoking, good diet

Skeletal System Functions: – Support: give the body structure – Protection: vital organs are protected, example: ribs protect abdominal organs, sternum protects heart, skull protects brain – Movement: skeletal system and tendons work together to create movement – Storage: minerals like calcium stored in bone – Blood cell formation: done by bone marrow

Muscle Tissue 1.Skeletal: striated, voluntary 1.Location: fleshy body areas 2.Smooth: spindle shaped, involuntary 1.Location: walls of internal organs 3.Cardiac: branched, involuntary 1.Location: heart

Muscular Dystrophy Cause: genetic mutation – they think there is not enough of a certain type of muscle protein produced Effects: – Muscles become weaker and weaker over a lifetime – In late stages, fat and connective tissue replace muscle tissue – Lack of coordination – Progressive crippling leading to loss of mobility Treatment: – No cure – Physical therapy – Surgery – Steroids – braces