Chapter 1 Vocabulary Understanding Yourself

Heredity  The sum of all traits passed on through genes from parents to children.

Environment  Made up of everything that surrounds you.

Cultural heritage  Made up of learned behaviors, beliefs, and languages that are passed from generation to generation.

Ethnic group  A group of people who share common racial and/or cultural characteristics such as national origin, language, religion, and traditions.

Personality  The total of all the behavioral qualities and traits that make up an individual; the way you feel, the way you think, the way you speak, the way you dress, and the way you relate to others.

Character  Inner traits such as conscience, moral strength, and social attitudes; the inner you – that force that guides your conduct and behavior toward acceptable standards of right and wrong.

Empathy  Caring people understand how others feel even when their own personal feelings may differ.

Fairness  The ability to be honest and impartial – to act in an objective, unbiased way.

Respect  To hold in high regard. Acting with consideration and even admiration toward people, laws, and property describes a respectful person.

Trustworthiness  You can be relied upon; important in building strong relationships; relied on to keep promises; trusted to do their jobs to the best of their ability.

Responsibility  Being accountable for your actions and obligations; you accept the consequences for what you do, good or bad.

Citizenship  (as a character trait) refers to the quality of a person’s response to membership in a community; usually conferred upon you at birth; loyalty to country and community is expected of its citizens; if services or facilities are not as you would like, you have a duty to make them better.

Self-concept  Your view of yourself; largely influenced by people around you and the way you interpreted their behaviors toward you.

Improving your self-concept  Be realistic about your expectations of yourself  Develop your talents and abilities  Look for positive relationships with others  Spend time doing activities you enjoy  Spend time doing for others  Develop a sense of humor

Self-esteem  The sense of worth you attach to yourself – it’s a word used to describe a positive self-concept; a personal statement you make to yourself and your accomplishments.

Thumbprint Activity (due end of class)

Maturity  Growth and development can be summarized in one word during the teen years – change; the change that occurs between childhood and adulthood.

Developmental tasks  Challenges to meet your personal needs and handle new expectations placed on you by society; tasks or skills society has come to expect of people at various ages.

Needs  Basic items that are required for living.

Robert Havighurst  A human development researcher  Theory: Developmental Tasks  All humans have development tasks that they must master. Each task mastered results in a sense of personal achievement and the desire to learn a new task.

Developmental Tasks for Teens 1. Accept your physique and use your body effectively. 2. Establish emotional independence from your parents and other adults. 3. Achieve new and more mature relations with age mates. 4. Adopt socially approved masculine/feminine adult roles.

5. Select and prepare for an occupation 6. Develop a personal attitude toward marriage and family living 7. Adopt personal behavior standards. 8. Accept and adopt socially responsible behavior.

Abraham Maslow  Another human development researcher with a different theory.  Pyramid shaped icon to explain that the most basic needs are the base of human development. As those needs are met, a person can progress to the next level of development.  People can move up and down the pyramid.

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Self-actualization  The need to develop to your full potential.  Know what is important to you  Have set goals for yourself and have reached many of them  May strive for goals outside of yourself, such as a quest for beauty, truth, or justice  Seeks self-fulfillment by expressing your true selves  Accepting of your own weaknesses and those of others  Are in tune with reality

 The top of the pyramid! All of your needs are met. You are able to independently operate as an adult in society. Also you are able to “give back” to society.

Wants  Items people desire, but don’t need to survive.

Personal priorities  The beliefs, feelings, and experiences you consider to be important and desirable  Honesty  Friendship  Freedom  Happiness  Popularity  Health  Education  Beauty or  Status

Goals  The aims people consciously try to reach; attaining something you wanted and considered important.

Short-term goals  You can reach these goals in an hour, a day, or even a week.

Long-term goals  You may need several months or even several year to reach these goals.

Visionary goals  Goals that you don’t really expect to achieve and though you know you probably won’t reach these goals, they are worthwhile; they can inspire you to do more than you thought you were capable of doing; they can also add some interesting experiences to your life.

Steps in setting and achieving goals  Make a list of what you want out of life  Consider your personal priorities-what’s most important  List ways you could achieve your goals  Make some definite plans  Establish deadlines and rewards; deadlines, or time goals, help you direct your efforts.

Standards  Accepted levels of achievement  Appearance  How well you do certain skills  Quality of your possessions

Quality of life  A phrase use to describe many factors that work together to foster personal well- being.  Good health  Environmental factors  Emotional closeness  Social ties  Education opportunities  Satisfying work

Management  Wisely using means to achieve goals.

Decisions  A conscious or unconscious response to a problem or an issue.  Impulsive decisions  Habits  Emulation (do what other people around you are doing)  Creativity  Default (the act of not making a decision)

Decision-making process 1. Define the problem or the decision to be made. 2. Establish your goals 3. Prioritize your goals 4. Look for resources 5. Identify alternatives 6. Make a decision 7. Carry out the decision 8. Evaluate the results of your decision

Chronological Growth  Everyone ages, we all have birthdays. Questions Questions 1. What was your favorite age? 2. Why?

Physical Growth  We all grow physically until we reach our mature adult body.  Girls (9 y.o.) mature faster than boys (11 y.o.) Questions 1. How does the different rate of maturity affect teens? 2. Can your growth be influenced? 3. How do hormones affect growth?

Emotional Growth  Maturing is emotional growth.  During adolescence you will experience mood swings. This is due to hormones.  “No man is an island!”  Think of the Tom Hanks movie “Castaway!” He developed a relationship with a volleyball he named Wilson!  The way people express their feelings.

Questions 1. I like to be with my friends when it comes to.. ? comes to.. ? 2. I like to be different from my friends when it comes to...? 3. I like it when my friends... ? 4. Teens worry about... ? 5. Growing up is hard because... ? 6. Teens are sensitive about... ?

Intellectual Growth  People continue to learn and grow intellectually all throughout their life.  People develop the ability to reason and think complex thoughts.  A stimulating environment promotes intellectual growth.

Social Growth  As you mature you also grow socially.  People learn to take turns and share with others.  Allows people to have good times with other people and to enjoy life. The end