Fighting for Independence WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE

 Make a question that you would put on the test on Wednesday? Answer your question? WARM UP

 After the lesson, students will be able to  List in chronological order the major battles of the Revolutionary War  Describe the events and outcome of each major battle of the Revolutionary War.  Map out the British and Colonial routes  Notes on most important battles OBJECTIVES

 Complete Time Line events  Complete map of Battles  Follow directions given to you in the packet.  Pick out 2 colors representing the Continental Army and the British Army. (Example: Red: Continental Army Blue: British Army) TODAY’S GOALS

 April 19, 1775  1 st battle in the American Revolution  700 British soldiers sent to destroy military supplies in Concord.  Met 70 armed militia met at Lexington.  Pushed to Concord.  Continental Army got supplies out before they reached Concord.  Americans “Won” BATTLE OF LEXINGTON AND CONCORD

 May 10, 1775  Meets in Philadelphia PA  Took powers of central govt.  Voted to ask the colonies for Supplies  Named George Washington commander-in-chief SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS

 June 17,1775  British Attacked American Troops.  Do not shoot until you see the “whites of their eyes”  Americans turned back the British 2 times before running out of ammunition  British Won. BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL

 Written by Thomas Jefferson  Signed July 4, 1776 DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

 1776 Parliaments authorized an army of 55,000 including 30,000 mercenaries.  August 1776, these troops appeared off the coast of NYC  Commanded by Sir William Howe.  Sent George Washington a conciliatory letter  Washington refused the proposal  British moved into action.  British took NYC and held it until the war ended Seven years later. BRITAIN SENDS TROOPS

 The Brtish forces followed Washington’s army up the Hudson River and,when he crossed to NJ, they pursued hom southward to the Delaware River.  Because of desertions, deaths, and captures, the American Army was now reduced to 5,000 and the continental Congress was forced to flee from Philadelphia to Baltimore. BRITISH INVADE AMERICA

 December 26, 1776  George Washington crossed the Delaware  Surprised drunk Hessians on December 26 th  Killed & captured over 1,000 men in 45 minutes.  Victory for Americans boosted morale. BATTLE OF TRENTON

 Keeping troops in-service was nearly impossible  Washington could never count on more than 20,000 under his command at any point.  Washington begged for troops. Congress could only ask the states.  Congress lacked the power to tax  Congress issued Continentals or paper money to be used as currency instead of British coins.  Robert Morris, a PA merchant and banker, personally pledged large amounts of money for the war effort. MONEY PROBLEMS

 Benjamin Franklin became the principal American representative to France  France wouldn’t assist America the American struggle unless there was some hope of success. FRENCH ASSISTANCE

 October 1777  General Burgoyne defeated by American forces by General Horatio Gates  British ministers offered to grant the Americans generous rights of self-government within the British Empire.  Win got France to recognize American independence ally with the Americans. BATTLE OF SARATOGA

 Winter  Fell at Battle of Brandywine and Germantown BRITISH OCCUPY PHILADELPHIA

 Winter 1778  Harsh winter for Washington’s men  Reading on Winter at Valley Forge WINTER AT VALLEY FORGE

 1778  French Money, Soldiers, and naval power  Essential to American Victory ALLIANCE WITH FRANCE

 1779  General Bernardo de Galvez  Ship supplies  Defeated British at Baton Rouge  Made British divert troops SPAIN ENTERS WAR

 May, 1780  6 week siege  Americans Surrendered SIEGE OF CHARLESTON

 1780  Attempted to turn over Fort at West Point to the British  Message was intercepted BENEDICT ARNOLD’S TREASON

 French blocked entrance at Chesapeake Bay FRENCH AND BRITISH BATTLE IN CHESAPEAKE BAY

 Oct 1781  French fleet prevented British from rescuing Cornwallis  Surrounded on all sides at Yorktown and under bombardments  Cornwallis Surrenders SIEGE OF YORKTOWN/CORNWALLIS SURRENDERS

 The Treaty of Paris in 1783  acknowledged American independence  granted the new nation land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River. TREATY OF PARIS, 1783

 Gave new hope to the oppressed in Europe and endangered the old system of monarchy and aristocracy  One of the Causes of the French Revolution  Inspired French revolutionaries  Helped to ensure that the British monarch was made a figurehead.  Persuaded the British to allow their remaining colonies more self government. INFLUENCE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

 What struggles did the American Continental Army face? COOL DOWN