Slide 5-1 Chapter 5 Terms Applications Software for Business Introduction to Information Systems Judith C. Simon

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Slide 5-3 Chapter 5 Terms Review ä Add-on package: software with special features that can be used along with a basic software program such as a spreadsheet or word processing package software with special features that can be used along with a basic software program such as a spreadsheet or word processing package ä Artificial intelligence (AI) software: methods of using computer capabilities to imitate human thinking and reasoning processes methods of using computer capabilities to imitate human thinking and reasoning processes ä Calendaring and scheduling software: software that electronically checks calendar then schedules meetings to fit those calendars software that electronically checks calendar then schedules meetings to fit those calendars

Slide 5-4 Chapter 5 Terms Review ä Cell: the intersection of a vertical column and horizontal row on a spreadsheet, representing one location for entry of data the intersection of a vertical column and horizontal row on a spreadsheet, representing one location for entry of data ä Context-sensitive help screen: help facility that, when activated, displays the help topic related to the current activity being performed help facility that, when activated, displays the help topic related to the current activity being performed ä Database software: software designed primarily for use with many types of data that need to be linked in a variety of ways at different times software designed primarily for use with many types of data that need to be linked in a variety of ways at different times

Slide 5-5 Chapter 5 Terms Review ä Decision support system (DSS) software: software that assists users with decisions in which some or all of the information needed is not known in advance (semistructured or unstructured decision) software that assists users with decisions in which some or all of the information needed is not known in advance (semistructured or unstructured decision) ä Editing: software capable of changing data in a document, such as inserting, deleting, copying, or moving characters software capable of changing data in a document, such as inserting, deleting, copying, or moving characters ä Executive information system (EIS): easy-to-use system designed to provide summary data to top-level executives, with a drill-down capability to view additional details as needed easy-to-use system designed to provide summary data to top-level executives, with a drill-down capability to view additional details as needed

Slide 5-6 Chapter 5 Terms Review ä Expert system software: a form of artificial intelligence software that includes a reasoning capability; designed to assist in decision making by basing recommendations on information provided by experts a form of artificial intelligence software that includes a reasoning capability; designed to assist in decision making by basing recommendations on information provided by experts ä Formatting: software capability of changing the appearance of data, such as underlining or centering a group of words software capability of changing the appearance of data, such as underlining or centering a group of words ä Forms processing software: software with special capabilities related to use of forms, such as designing, completing, and transmitting forms electronically

Slide 5-7 Chapter 5 Terms Review ä Goal-seeking analysis: analysis that begins with a desired end result (a goal) and works back to determine the data or path needed to reach that goal analysis that begins with a desired end result (a goal) and works back to determine the data or path needed to reach that goal ä Graphics software: software with a capability of creating many types of charts or pictorial displays software with a capability of creating many types of charts or pictorial displays ä Group decision support system (GDSS) software: specializes DSS designed to be used when multiple persons are involved in making one decision; also referred to as group support system (GSS) software specializes DSS designed to be used when multiple persons are involved in making one decision; also referred to as group support system (GSS) software

Slide 5-8 Chapter 5 Terms Review ä Help screen: on-screen assistance in completing specific software tasks on-screen assistance in completing specific software tasks ä Inference engine: the feature of an expert system that handles the processing of rules and facts to reach a conclusion, using either forward or backward chaining (path direction) the feature of an expert system that handles the processing of rules and facts to reach a conclusion, using either forward or backward chaining (path direction) ä Knowledge acquisition facility: facility of an expert system that allows the knowledge engineer (developer) to enter appropriate information and relationships into a knowledge base facility of an expert system that allows the knowledge engineer (developer) to enter appropriate information and relationships into a knowledge base

Slide 5-9 Chapter 5 Terms Review ä Knowledge base: the part of an expert system that includes facts based on information gathered from experts, as well as rules that indicate procedures to follow in using the facts the part of an expert system that includes facts based on information gathered from experts, as well as rules that indicate procedures to follow in using the facts ä Macro: software capability of storing a series of steps that can be activated and used easily; macros save time when the same steps are used repeatedly for a particular activity software capability of storing a series of steps that can be activated and used easily; macros save time when the same steps are used repeatedly for a particular activity ä Menu-driven help screen: help facility that gives users on-screen options for choosing a topic with which they need assistance help facility that gives users on-screen options for choosing a topic with which they need assistance

Slide 5-10 Chapter 5 Terms Review ä Model: a representation of some business activity or system that allows changes to be tested on the model instead of on the actual system a representation of some business activity or system that allows changes to be tested on the model instead of on the actual system ä Neural network: a form of artificial intelligence software that imitates some functions of the human brain, such as learning capacity a form of artificial intelligence software that imitates some functions of the human brain, such as learning capacity ä Office application software: programs designed to assist in performing many activities found in business offices programs designed to assist in performing many activities found in business offices

Slide 5-11 Chapter 5 Terms Review ä Office automation: using information technology to automate office activities using information technology to automate office activities ä Presentation graphics: software with a capability of creating graphic materials of high enough quality for use in making oral presentations software with a capability of creating graphic materials of high enough quality for use in making oral presentations ä Project management software: software that assists in planning, scheduling and controlling all aspects of important project activities software that assists in planning, scheduling and controlling all aspects of important project activities

Slide 5-12 Chapter 5 Terms Review ä Smart icons: on-screen picture representing a specific function; selecting the picture activates the function (e.g., the user selects a printer icon to activate a printing activity) on-screen picture representing a specific function; selecting the picture activates the function (e.g., the user selects a printer icon to activate a printing activity) ä Spreadsheet software: software designed primarily for numeric activities and containing vertical columns and horizontal rows in which data is entered, somewhat like an accountant’s worksheet software designed primarily for numeric activities and containing vertical columns and horizontal rows in which data is entered, somewhat like an accountant’s worksheet ä User interface: computer system capability that allows the knowledge engineer (developer) to enter appropriate information and relationships in a knowledge base

Slide 5-13 Chapter 5 Terms Review ä What-if analysis: capability of changing data in one location to see its effect on related data  Word processing software: software designed for use primarily in creating documents containing paragraph data, such as letters and reports  Workflow software: software with special capabilities relating to automating the flow of many types of work processes

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