Political Opponents of the Tsar

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Presentation transcript:

Political Opponents of the Tsar

Liberals A moderate party (Constitutional Democrats) Also known as the Kadets Most were from the Intelligentsia section of society Supported by many middle class people Wanted a Parliament with free democratic elections like the British system Used peaceful protest.

Socialist Revolutionary Party Largest opposition group Supported by many peasants Demanded more land for those that worked the land Had developed the use of terror as a political weapon and employed it when necessary.

Social Democratic Party Smallest opposition group Most radical Believed in the ideas of the German Communist thinker, Karl Marx Believed the workers would start a revolution Split into two groups in 1903: the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks

Bolsheviks .vs. Mensheviks Bolsheviks (majority group) Led by Lenin Committed Marxists Waiting for the revolution Believed in a tight-knit group of revolutionaries Mensheviks (minority group Led by Martov Compete at elections Campaign for reforms now Believed in a large party of activists

Lenin Lenin was born Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov in Simbrisk on 22nd April 1870 He studied law at university where he learned about western ideals He was expelled from university for his radical ideas He moved to St Petersburg where he became a professional revolutionary He was arrested and exiled in Siberia where he adopted his name “Lenin” He travelled Europe where he became well known and became the leader of the Bolshevik section of the Russian Social Democratic Worker’s party

Russian Political Spectrum Bolsheviks (Lenin - Marxists) Liberals/Kadets (Moderate – want Govt like Britain – supported by M/C) Tsar as Autocrat Socialist Revolutionary Party (largest with support of peasants) Mensheviks (Martov) LEFT RIGHT