Transcription Central Dogma Sense (codon) vs antisense (non-coding) Types of RNAs Structural genes vs regulatory genes RNA polymerases (I, II, III) Promoters.

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Transcription Central Dogma Sense (codon) vs antisense (non-coding) Types of RNAs Structural genes vs regulatory genes RNA polymerases (I, II, III) Promoters Transcription factors Mechanism

The Central Dogma of Biology DNA RNA Protein Transcription Translation Reverse transcriptase

3 classes of RNA Ribosomal Messenger Transfer 18S(16S) 28S(23S 5S Polycistronic (Bacteria) 4S Components of ribosomes Monocystronic (Eukaryotes)

A T G C T C T G A C A T A C G A G A C T G T 5’3’ 5’ 3’ BASE COMPLEMENTARITY mRNA A U G C U C U G A C A RED STRAND IS SENSE STRAND GREEN STRAND IS ANTISENSE STRAND SENSE VS ANTISENSE

Regulator GeneOperator Structural genes ROSG 1 SG 2 SG 3 R-mRNA Polycistronic mRNA Proteins Repressor Repressor-inducer complex Inducer prevents repressor from binding to promoter Basic Model of Gene Regulation in Bacteria Translation

RNA Polymerase in Bacteriophage T7 Nontemplate (sense strand)

Control and Enhancer Sequences in Promoter TATA box (Pribnow) GC box CCAAT box Heat shock element Serum response element Glucocorticoid response element Metal response elements Homeodomains

Promoter Sequences highlighting the TATA box Start Site TATA Box

Location of Consensus Sequences on Non-template (coding) strand 2 hexlix turns apart

Pre-transcription Complex

Factor independent Termination

Rho-dependent Termination

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