Key Nutrition Concepts and Terms Unit 1

Why do we eat food? What is food?

Nutrition Defined Nutrition The study of foods, their nutrients and other chemical constituents, and the effects that food constituents have on health

A “Melting Pot” Science Nutrition is an interdisciplinary science Behavioral and social sciences Biological, chemical, physical, and food sciences Quantitative sciences (mathematics, statistics)

Foundation for Nutrition To think like a nutritionist, you need a working knowledge of nutrition terms and basic nutrition concepts Common sense requires a common knowledge – Thomas Paine

Food Security vs. Food Insecurity 10 Nutrition Concepts Food is a basic need (and right?) Food Security vs. Food Insecurity 2. Food provide calories (energy), nutrients, and other substances needed for survival calories, essential and nonessential nutrients, phytochemicals, antioxidants

10 Nutrition Concepts 3. Health problems related to nutrients originate within cells metabolism- anabolism and catabolism 4. Poor nutrition can result from both inadequate and excessive levels of nutrient intake……Examples? Know illustration 1-14 (pg. 1-14)

10 Nutrition Concepts Humans have adaptive mechanisms for managing fluctuations in nutrient intake? why would this be so? 6. Malnutrition can result from poor diet, disease, genetic factors, or combination. nature vs. nurture argument

10 Nutrition Concepts 7. Some groups are at higher risk of becoming inadequately nourished than others. Identify 5 groups at risk and why 8. Poor nutrition can influence the development of certain chronic diseases. What % of adults are diabetic? Pre-diabetic? What % of children are diabetic? Pre-diabetic?

Diabetes Statistics Diabetes affects 25.8 million people  8.3% of the U.S. population DIAGNOSED18.8 million people UNDIAGNOSED7.0 Among U.S. residents aged 65 years and older, 10.9 million, or 26.9%, had diabetes in 2010. About 215,000 people younger than 20 years had diabetes (type 1 or • type 2) in the United States in 2010. About 1.9 million people aged 20 years or older were newly  diagnosed with diabetes in 2010 in the United States

or older had prediabetes . ·         In 2005–2008, 35% of U.S. adults aged 20 years or older had prediabetes       ·         Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure, nontraumatic lower- limb   amputations, and new cases of blindness among adults in the United States. ·         Diabetes is a major cause of heart disease and stroke. ·         Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. Citation:  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National diabetes fact sheet: national estimates and general information on diabetes and prediabetes in the United States, 2011. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011.

10 Nutrition Concepts 9. Adequacy, variety, and balance are key characteristics of a healthy diet energy dense foods nutrient dense foods empty calorie foods

10 Nutrition Concepts There are no “good” or “bad” foods Do you believe this is true? Why do we ban or tax certain foods? Nutrition Concepts Review- pg. 1-20