AKS 47: World War II Chapter 32 – Pages 925-951

The Holocaust Who…? …were the victims of the Holocaust? Non-Aryan peoples, primarily Jews, but also Gypsies, Slavs, etc.

The Holocaust Who…? …were members of the “master race”? Aryans The signs read: “Germans! Defend Yourselves! Do not buy from Jews!”

The Holocaust What…? …were the Nuremberg Laws? German laws depriving Jews of rights to citizenship & jobs

The Holocaust What…? …happened on the night of November 9, 1938? On Kristallnacht, the Nazis launched a violent attack on Jewish communities all over Germany

The Holocaust What…? …was Hitler’s “Final Solution”? Systematic killing of entire groups of people, particularly Jews, whom the Nazis saw as inferior

The Holocaust Where…? …did German Jews try to migrate to find safety from Nazi terror? France, Britain, USA, & other countries

The Holocaust Where…? …were Jews forced to live in German-controlled cities? In ghettos – segregated Jewish areas

The Holocaust Where…? …were the concentration camps? Mainly in Germany & Poland

The Holocaust Why…? …did Hitler believe that Jews & other “subhumans” had to be exterminated? To protect the purity of the Aryan race

The Holocaust Why…? …did the Germans build extermination camps? To carry out mass murders in huge gas chambers

The Holocaust When…? …did the final stage of the Final Solution begin? Early 1942

The Holocaust How…? …did non-Jewish people try to save Jews from the horrors of Nazism? By hiding Jews in their homes or helping them escape to neutral countries  Anne Frank

The Holocaust How…? …many Jews died in the Holocaust? Approximately 6,000,000

Nuremberg Trials Nazis put on trial for crimes against humanity (events of Holocaust) Goal was to punish Nazi officials using a democratic system

Japanese Internment Camps in the United States Japanese-Americans placed in camps Why? – feared they were enemies or spies after bombing at Pearl Harbor

Tehran Conference When? November 28 – December 1, 1943

Tehran Conference Members Present? Franklin Roosevelt {USA} Winston Churchill {Britain} Joseph Stalin {USSR}

Tehran Conference Purpose of Meeting? Coordinate military strategy against Germany & Japan Decide on important issues of post-WWII era

Tehran Conference Purpose of Meeting? Coordination of D-Day invasion Poland’s post-war borders First discussions about splitting up Germany into zones of occupation First discussions of the future United Nations between Stalin and FDR *Many issues left for final decisions at later conferences

Yalta Conference When? February 4-11, 1945

Yalta Conference Members Present? Franklin Roosevelt {USA} Winston Churchill {Britain} Joseph Stalin {USSR}

Yalta Conference Purpose of Meeting? Make final decisions about the end of the war.

Yalta Conference What was decided? Divide Germany into 4 zones controlled by Allied military forces. Germany must pay the USSR. Stalin agreed to join war against Japan 90 days after the end of the war in Europe. Stalin promised free elections in Eastern Europe.

Potsdam Conference Members Present? Joseph Stalin (USSR) Potsdam Conference Members Present? Winston Churchill (Britain) Harry Truman (USA) THE BIG THREE

Potsdam Conference Purpose of Meeting? Clarify agreements from Yalta

Potsdam Conference What was decided? Potsdam Declaration Unconditional surrender of Japan Japanese disarmament, establishment of democratic government Postwar European borders (especially Poland)

Formation of the United Nations The Beginning Stalin & FDR secretly discussed ideas for U.N. at Tehran Conference 1944: Britain, China, USSR, & met in D.C. & drafted the 1st charter

Formation of the United Nations First Meeting April 1945 in San Francisco Delegates from 50 nations worked for 2 months to develop the official charter

Formation of the United Nations Details & Purpose Purpose: peacekeeping organization designed to protect its members against aggression Permanent Members of Security Council: USA, Britain, USSR, France, China

Marshall Plan for Europe Who…? …proposed the plan? U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall

Marshall Plan for Europe When…? …did he propose the plan? 1947

Marshall Plan for Europe What…? …did he propose the U.S. needed to do? Give aid to needy European countries Provide food, machinery, & other materials to rebuild Western Europe & stop Soviet expansion Truman signs Marshall Plan 

MacArthur’s Plan for Japan Demilitarization Disbanded Japanese armed forces Left Japanese with small police force

MacArthur’s Plan for Japan Democratization Created a gov’t elected by the people Set up a constitutional monarchy b/c Japanese wanted to keep emperor

MacArthur’s Plan for Japan Other Reforms Land ownership was expanded Independent labor unions had the right to form Increase participation of workers & farmers in new democracy