Prospects for Hadron Physics in Asia H. Shimizu Laboratory of Nuclear Science Tohoku University,

Diversity of Hadron Physics QCD Hadron Physics research spectroscopy the most basic study chiral symmetry in nuclear matterin free space confinement phase transition at high temperature HI beam precursors to chiral transition in nuclei  beam hadron beam

Major accelerators for hadron physics in Asia KEK B factory IHEP, Beijing BEPC BEPC II LNS, Sendai Tohoku Univ. 1.2GeV RIKEN K540 cyclotron RIBF RCNP, Osaka 400MeV cyclotron HIRFL Lanzhou Univ. CSRs J-PARC 50GeV 12GeV PS PAL, Pohang 2.5GeV SSRF, Shanghai 3.5GeV SPring-8 8GeV

Hadron Physics with e  e  collider machines

KEK ~ 50km NE from Tokyo

KEKB 8 GeV3.5 GeV for the study of CPV KEKB turned out to be a good laboratory to search for new hadrons as well. hadron spectroscopy world highest luminosity

Observation of X(3872) at Belle found in B meson decays out of 152M data multiquark molecular state? diquark-antidiquark bound state? narrow width

Super B factory plan at KEK Towards higher luminosity New charmed hadrons found at Belle up to now key issue: highest luminosity Linac upgrade Damping ring More RF power Increase beam currents 1.6 A (LER) / 1.2 A (HER) → 9.6 A (LER) / 4.1 A (HER) New beam pipe

IHEP, Beijing circumference=240m 200m LINAC BEPC: Research on charm and  lepton physics BESII

Recent results from BESII Threshold enhancements: new hadrons? M=1859MeV  <30MeV M=2075MeV  =90MeV PRL91(2003)022001, PRL93(2004) Study of light scalar mesons , , f 0 (1370), f 0 (1500), f 0 (1710), f 0 (1790), ….  : PLB598(2004)149 Existence of  is confirmed. …..

BEPCII project BESIII BSRF design goals Upgrade: by the end of 2006

Hadron Physics with hadron beams

HIRFL, Lanzhou Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou

Experimental setup at HIRFL-CSR Cooling Storage Ring

CSR performances CSRmCSRe Ion SpeciesP,C-UP,C-U, RIB,HCI, Molecular & Cluster Energy (MeV/u) (B max = T) (P) ( 12 C 6+ ) ( 238 U 72+ ) 2000(P) ( 12 C 6+ ) ( 238 U >90+ )  P/P <10 -4 <10 -5  P/P (entrance)  0.15%  0.5~1% Emmitance  5  mm-mrad  1  mm-mrad

Physics goals at CSR Radioactive ion beam physics Few body study with HI beam (<1.1GeV/u) and p beam (<2.8GeV) High charge state of atomic physics Physics under high density and temperature Studies on mesons and baryons Search for multi-quark states …..

RIKEN has discovered a variety of anomalous nuclear phenomena New Element 04 July fb

RIKEN RIBF Project Phase 0: 1987~ 135MeV/u for light nuclei Phase I: 350MeV/u up to U 1 st beam in 2006 Phase II: SCRIT Experimental arrangement of beam lines

J-PARC Facility Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility Hadron Beam Facility Neutrino to Kamiokande Nuclear Transmutation J-PARC = Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex Joint Project between KEK and JAERI 50 GeV Synchrotron (0.75 MW) 3 GeV Synchrotron (25 Hz, 1MW) Linac (350m) 500 m

J-PARC Phase 1 & 2 The budget for about 2/3 of the entire project has been approved by the Japanese government from JFY2001 as Phase 1. Phase 1 (~151 billion Yen = 1.1 billion Euro) consists of major accelerator components and a part of experimental facilities. commissioning in 2007

J-PARC: the High Intensity Frontier J-PARC aims for the high intensity frontier for  Materials/life sciences (3GeV), and  Nuclear/particle physics (50GeV) High intensity proton beam leads to high intensity secondary (neutron, meson, …) beam.  The power (= Energy x Current) is a good measure.  Neutrons: from 0.16MW (ISIS) to 1MW  K mesons: 5 to 10 times more intense than existing BNL-AGS. World’s Proton Accelerators

Hadron Physics at J-PARC Kon decays CP violation in Hypernuclear physics high resolution spectroscopy of  nuclei  -ray spectroscopy in  nuclei spectroscopy of S=-2 system with (K , K+) reactions Hadrons in the nuclear medium deeply-bound kaonic nuclear states  cold &dense nuclear matter vector mesons in nuclear matter Exotic hadrons pentaquarks   (1.8 GeV/c)      S     0.8 GeV/c)   rare decay   (1.1 GeV/c) (K ,   ), S=  1 LOI: 478 physicists with 2/3 from outside Japan

Hadron Physics with photon beams

SPring-8 (Super Photon ring-8 GeV) Third-generation synchrotron radiation facility Circumference: 1436 m 100 mA (  x  m·rad) 62 beamlines

LEPS beam 2.4 GeV8 GeV Energy Spectrum

New LEPS beam line 2 operation modes 1. high intensity mode a high power laser + round beam technique 2. high energy mode X rays from SPring-8, bent by ~180 o with 10 diamond mirrors from another small accelerator

High energy mode diamond crystal mirrors reflectivity of mirrors for 100 eV photons: ~80% for a reflection angle of 20 0 ~10% for 100 eV photons bent by GeV LEPS beam reflectivity of diamond mirrors

High energy CBS provides a qusi-monochromatic  beam

Sales points for new LEPS beam The cleanest  beam in the world at a 7 GeV energy region Good for experiments detecting super-forward events A polarized  beam with the highest polarization in the world Polarization of vector mesons in precursors to the chiral transition Unique experiments (e.g.: a measurement of birefringence in a strong magnetic field)

Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Korea 2.5 GeV Storage Ring Pohang Light Source Bremsstrahlung beam line under consideration

Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) Construction started in Dec

SSRF Layout 100MeV Linac 3.5GeV Booster 3.5GeV Storage Ring circumference: 432m Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS) High intensity quasi- monochromatic MeV  -rays

Summary e  e  collider machines High luminosity brings discoveries of new hadrons, exotics, and new physics as KEKB and BEPC have proved. BEPC II is under construction toward higher luminosity. The super KEKB project will be proposed in 2008, with preceding minor upgrade starting in 2005, aiming for one order higher luminosity Hadron beams CSR and RIBF projects are going on at Lanzhou and RIKEN to open the door to presently unreachable regions on the nuclear chart. J-PARC will look into hadron physics which cannot be explored without a high intensity beam, such as (K -,K + ) physics, meson decays into di-leptons in nuclear matter and so on. Research on exotic hadrons like  + will be another thing to be done at J-PARC. Commissioning of the 50 GeV PS is scheduled to take place in Photon beams There are several synchrotron radiation facilities or a facility-to-be in Asia, where CBS beams or Bremsstrahlung beams can be used for hadron physics. A 7 GeV quasi mono-energetic LEPS beam is under consideration.

Plan view of LNS beam lines

 photoproduction S 11 (1535) H, C, Cu Hyper nuclear physics

New spectrometer at LNS, Sendai

Multiple  -ray Detecting System

J-PARC at Tokai Tokai Tsukuba J-PARC is a joint project between KEK and JAERI (Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute).