T HE E NVIRONMENT Managing the Environment Brief History of Environmental Interest The Future of the Environment
Managing the Environment
M ANAGING THE E NVIRONMENT Transnational Issue Multifaceted Ground, water, air quality, ozone layer, global warming Based on collective goods/ public goods Global context Free riders Tuna Space junk Space junk
Brief History of Environmental Interest
B RIEF H ISTORY Global interest only recent Postmaterialism Green Party (1984) NGOs IGOs MNCs
B RIEF H ISTORY People NGOs World Wildlife Fund (WWF) (1960) Protecting Pandas in China
B RIEF H ISTORY People NGOs World Wildlife Fund (WWF) (1960) Earth Day (1970)
B RIEF H ISTORY People NGOs World Wildlife Fund (WWF) (1960) Earth Day (1970) Greenpeace (1971) Rainbow Warrior in China to raise awareness about clean energy and promote a nuclear free future
B RIEF H ISTORY People NGOs World Wildlife Fund (WWF) (1960) Earth Day (1970) Greenpeace (1971) Earthwatch Institute(1971) Help bring black rhinos back from the brink of extinction.
B RIEF H ISTORY : IGO S UN Environment Programme (UNEP) Started Stockholm 1972 Conference Montevideo, 1982 Laws Montreal Protocol (1987): CFCs Rio de Janeiro, 1992 Earth Summit: Sustainable development Johannesburg, 2002 Sustainable development Rio + 20, 2012 Rio + 20 Focus on ‘Green Economy’ Kyoto Protocol (2005) Climate Change Convention
Economic Capital Human Capital Natural Capital Sustainable Development B RIEF H ISTORY : IGO S World Bank Late 1980s/ early 1990s Millennium Development Goals Comprehensive Wealth Accounting Policy analysis, planning
B RIEF H ISTORY : MNC S Eco-consciousness Consumer demands Responsible businesses/ products MNCs Economic incentive Eco-practices Going green v. ‘greenwashing’ Wal-Mart goes green Hewlett-Packard Hewlett-Packard ‘Fair Trade’ label Sustainable development
The Future of the Environment
T HE F UTURE Approaches ‘Band-Aid’ solution Cooperation & conservation Self-interested actors _02_01_archive.html
Recap
T HE E NVIRONMENT Managing the Environmental Brief History of Environmental Interest The Future of the Environment