Chapter 11: Chi–Square and F Distributions Section 1: Chi-Square: Tests of Independence.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 11: Chi–Square and F Distributions Section 1: Chi-Square: Tests of Independence

Chi–Square Distribution - Greek letter “Chi”  Chi-Square denoted by  graph is not symmetrical  depends on degrees of freedom  as df increase, graph becomes more symmetrical Chi-Square Test of Independence – used to determine whether two characteristics are related

Formulas E = df = (r -1)(c – 1)

Example  Use a chi-square test to determine whether there is a relationship between students’ political views and their opinion about a controversial issue. Use a 5% level of significance H o : Political view and opinion are independent H 1 : Political view and opinion are related

Contingency table DemocratRepublicanIndependent approve disapprove9216 undecided8218

Solution OE (O – E) (O – E) 2 (O – E) 2 /E

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