Compositional and Microtextural Analysis of Basaltic Pyroclastic Feedstock Materials Used for the 2010 ISRU Field Tests, Mauna Kea, Hawaii N. Marin, J.

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Compositional and Microtextural Analysis of Basaltic Pyroclastic Feedstock Materials Used for the 2010 ISRU Field Tests, Mauna Kea, Hawaii N. Marin, J. Farmer, K. Zacny, G. Sellar, J. Nuñez School of Earth and Space Exploration

ISRU: In Situ Resource Utilization Goal: extract basic resources from basalt Ex: water, oxygen, methane NASA-sponsored ISRU experiments were carried out in February of 2010 on the slopes of Mauna Kea Volcano, Hawaii WHY?: to support future human exploration of the moon

FeO + H 2  Fe + H 2 O

0 cm (Sample 1) ~16.7 cm (Sample 2) ~33.3 cm (Sample 3) ~50 cm (Sample 4) ~66.7 cm (Sample 5) ~83.3 cm (Sample 6) 1 m

TIR (Thermal Infrared Spectroscopy): -Iron Oxide -Volcanic glass -Plagioclase -Olivine -Pyroxene

XRD Diffractograms

1 (sample) Plagioclase Pyroxene Olivine Magnetite Ilmenite Hematite Ferrihydrite Celadonite Nontronite Montmoril. Saponite XRD Result Summary

Dark Glass Dark Glass with Plagioclase Glassy Porphyritic Basalt (surface altered) Microporphyritic Basalt (interior altered) Light GlassPlagioclasePyroxeneOlivine

Image J

Conclusions The amount of Fe 3+ phases in the core samples increases with depth (age) due to the weathering oxidation reactions caused by greater water exposure. In comparison, the surface materials contain more Fe 2+ phases, along with unaltered porphyritic clasts. By the basic two step extraction process proposed for ISRU, FeO + H 2  Fe + H 2 O (Allen et al. 1996), the observed increase in the abundance of hydrated alteration phases with depth implies that these deeper subsurface materials in Hawaii are more favorable for not only the extraction of water from regolith, but also the extraction of oxygen (e.g. 2FeOH + H 2  2Fe + 2 H 2 O ).