Cell Energy Photosynthesis

What do you know about photosynthesis? Answer the true/false questions using your prior knowledge about photosynthesis.

____ 1. Photosynthesis is important because it uses excess oxygen in the atmosphere.

____ 2. Photosynthesis creates energy.

____ 3. Photosynthesis stores energy in the bonds of glucose.

____ 4. Water is a necessary ingredient for photosynthesis.

____ 5. Carbon dioxide is produced by photosynthesis.

____ 6. The gasoline used to drive to school today is ultimately the result of photosynthesis.

____ 7. Chlorophyll, contained in the mitochondria, traps light energy for photosynthesis.

Photosynthetic organisms are producers. Producers (autotroph) make their own source of chemical energy. Plants use photosynthesis and are producers. Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to make sugars.

Photosynthesis …the process through which plants convert light energy to chemical energy in order to produce food The energy involved in photosynthesis is stored in the chemical bonds of carbohydrates.

Photosynthesis Equation H 2 O + CO 2  C 6 H O 2 (water) + (carbon dioxide)  (glucose) + (oxygen) A balanced equation… 6H 2 O + 6CO 2  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

Chloroplast Located inside leaf cells Capsule-shaped organelle Contained by two membranes

Photosynthesis in plants occurs in chloroplasts. Photosynthesis takes place in two parts of chloroplasts. – grana (thylakoids) – stroma chloroplast stroma grana (thylakoids)

Chloroplast Parts Thylakoids: disk-shaped vesicles stacked inside the chloroplast Granum: a stack of thylakoids Stroma: liquid material inside the chloroplast Chlorophyll: pigment located inside the thylakoid; gives plants their green color

Photosynthesis 2 parts of photosynthesis – light dependent and light independent Light dependent uses sunlight to make ATP Light independent uses that ATP to make Glucose (CALVIN CYCLE)

The light-dependent reactions capture energy from sunlight. –take place in thylakoids –water and sunlight are needed –chlorophyll absorbs energy –energy is transferred along thylakoid membrane then to light-independent reactions –oxygen is released

Light Dependent

The light-independent reactions make sugars. –take place in stroma –needs carbon dioxide from atmosphere –use energy to build a sugar in a cycle of chemical reactions

Light Independent

The equation for the overall process is: 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 granum (stack of thylakoids) thylakoid sunlight 1 six-carbon sugar 6H 2 O 6CO 2 6O 2 chloroplast energy stroma (fluid outside the thylakoids)

Photosynthesis (the basics) 5F2NcYqWr4 5F2NcYqWr4 Ww Ww

Light Dependent U U Ys Ys

Calvin Cycle gM gM