Transnational Organized Crime and Terrorism CHAPTER 7 1

Distinguishing Types or Categories of Crime Street Crime Organized Crime White-Collar Crime Transnational Organized Crime

Impact of Transnational Organized Crime TOC Intrusions Into Legitimate Government and Business Activities TOC Soldiers Organize Into Government Approved Militias TOC Undermines and Threatens the State Not Only in Terms of Justice and Social Order, But Also in Terms of Economic Viability TOC and Illicit Criminal Economics Threaten the Security of the State

Conditions Facilitating Transnational Organized Crime Globalization of the Economy Increased Numbers and Heterogeneity of Immigrants Improved Communications Technology Weak Governments Play a Key Role in the Formation of TOC

Networking: The Etiology of Transnational Organized Crime Groups Political Models Economic Models Social Models

How Transnational Crime is Organized Standard Hierarchy Regional Hierarchy Clustered Hierarchy Core Groups Criminal Network

Transnational Organized Crime Activities Drug Trafficking Human Trafficking Smuggling of Technology and WMD Materials Arms Trafficking Trafficking in Precious Gems

Transnational Organized Crimes Activities (continued) Piracy Non-Drug Contraband Smuggling Counterfeiters Financial Fraud Environmental Crimes

Links Between Transnational, Organized Crime and Terrorist Organizations Both Operate Secretly and Usually From an Underground Both Use Muscle and Ruthlessness and Produce Mainly Civilian Victims Intimidation is Characteristic of Both Groups Both Use Similar Tactics: Kidnappings, Assassinations, and Extortion Both Exert Control Over Individuals Within the Group Both Use Front Organizations such as Legitimate Businesses or Charities