1.) Mercantilism- Increase the money in a country’s treasury by creating a balance of trade 2.) Commerce- Exchange of goods and services from production to consumer. 3.) Enlightenment- a period in the 17 th century that emphasized using reason and the scientific method to get knowledge. 4.) Great Awakening- Revival of religious feeling and belief in the American colonies that began in the 1730’s 5.) Economy- The way society organizes the manufacturing of and exchange of value for things like food, money, products and services.

6.) Joint-Stock Company- backed by investors, looking for a profit. 7.) Cash Crops- Crops grown specifically to make a profit (Tobacco, Rice) 8.) Slave trade- The business of capturing, transporting, and selling people as slaves. 9.) Middle passage- the “middle leg” of the transatlantic trade triangle in which many African slaves were brought to the new world. 10.) Charter- a written contract, issued by a government, giving the right to establish a colony

11.) Indentured Servant- Settle debt by working several years for the master who buys his services. 12.) House of Burgesses- First representative assembly in the American colonies.(1619) 13.) Pilgrims- People who travel for religious reasons (a separatist group) 14.) Mayflower Compact- described ways to govern in the new world and vowed to obey the laws agreed upon for the good of the colony. 15.) Puritans- wanted to “purify” church, or make services simple, and to do away with ranks of authority.

16.) Fundamental Orders of Connecticut- Written plan of government for Connecticut. Limited power of the governor. 17.) Subsistence farming- produced just enough food for themselves and sometimes just a bit extra. 18.) Triangular trade- A trade route with 3 stops (Africa, Middle Passage, New England), that involved the transport of slaves. 19.) Navigation Acts- Provisions by the English designed to ensure that a England was gaining some profits from New England colonies’ trade. 20.) Smuggling- Importing or exporting of goods illegally.

21.) Plantations- Large farm that raises cash crops. 22.) Assembly- also called a “general assembly,” a group that made the laws. 23.) Democratic- The people have a voice in government. 24.) Separatist- wanted to separate from the English church and form their own congregation.