Kingdom Animalia.

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Presentation transcript:

Kingdom Animalia

What Is an Animal Multicellular, heterotrophs Ingestion Unique reproduction and development

Life history

When did the First Animals Appear in Fossils?

Cambrian explosion explosion of diversity Burgess Shale fossil deposit Why did this explosion occur?

Animalia Evolution

Major Adaptations: Tissues

Animalia: Major Evolutionary Events Radial and bilateral symmetry

Sponges

Cnidarians

Flatworms

Roundworms

Arthropods

Arachnids

Crustaceans

Millipedes & centipedes

Insects

Metamorphosis

Echinoderms

Vertebrate Evolution and Diversity

The Chordates What were our ancestors like? How are we related to other animals? What are our closest relatives?

The Vertebrate Genealogy

Tunicates Have all the chordate characteristics in embryonic stage Adults are sessile, filter feeders How could tunicates be ancestors to vertebrates?

Paedomorphosis Strikes Again!

Fishes

The Move onto Land How did the land vertebrates evolve from fish ancestors? Evidence? Lobe-finned fishes Tadpole larvae of amphibians Lungfishes

Amphibians

Reptiles

Birds

The Primates 65 mya; arboreal Brachiate & dextrous hands Eyes & vision Parental care

Primate Phylogeny

Misconceptions We did not evolve from chimpanzees or apes We had a common ancestor The “hominid parade” Does evolution have a goal? Human features evolved at same rate Upright ancestry were dumb critters

No Parade After All

The Human Evolution Australopithecus sp. “Lucy”, 3.24 mya 4 mya fossils First bipedal Hunter-gatherers Extinct 1.4 mya

The Human Evolution Homo habilis 2.4 mya; E Africa Enlarged brain Oldawon flakes Extinct 0.75 mya Australopithecus?

The Human Evolution Homo erectus 1.8 mya Expanded territory; diet? Peking & Java Man Bigger brain; Acheulean tools Weapons; cave-dwelling < Sexual dimorphism Extinct 200,000 ya

The Human Evolution H. neanderthals 350,000 – 28,000 ya Europe & W Asia H. erectus descendants? Large brains Skilled toolmakers Rituals, burials, social Out competed? Interbred?

The Human Evolution Homo sapiens 195,000 ya Cro-Magnons Complex weapons & tools (bone; ivory; wood) Descendents of H. erectus? Where did we come from?

Origin of Modern Humans