LoCal Retreat Winter 2012 David Culler, Randy Katz, Seth Sanders University of California, Berkeley

Presentation Outline Retreat Purpose and Agenda What is LoCal? Project Progress and Status 2

Retreat Goals & Technology Transfer UC Berkeley Project Team Industrial Collaborators Government Sponsors Friends People Project Status Work in Progress Prototype Technology Early Access to Technology Promising Directions Reality Check Feedback 3

Sources and Loads Dispatchable Sources Oblivious Loads Non-Dispatchable Sources Aware Loads 4

Grid Economics Most expensive, least efficient energy Latency involved in bringing capacity on line (or probability of exceeding) 5 Base Capacity Intermediate Capacity Peaker Capacity Load-following Supply Demand Response: Incentivize reduced loads during times of peak demand Demand Side Management: Shift demand to reduce peak loads Load Duration Curve

Grid Economics (or probability of exceeding) 6 Supply-following Loads Variable loads, supply aware, based on improved power proportionality, exploitable slack to shift/schedule Load Duration Curve Increasingly Variable Supply (Renewables) with Reduced Base Supply

7 Instrumentation Models Controls Building OS Plug Loads Lighting Facilities Building Instrumentation Models Routing/Control Grid OS Demand Response Load Following Supply Following Grid Facility-to- Building Gen-to- Building Instrumentation Models Control Compressor Scheduling Temperature Maintenance Supply-Following Loads Storage- to-Building Instrumentation Models Power-Aware Cluster Manager Load Balancer/ Scheduler Web Server Web App Logic DB/Storage Machine Room MR-to- Building Energy Networks Gen- to-Grid uGrid- to-Grid Building- to-Grid

Retreat Purpose Fifth LoCal Retreat – Alternate between Lake Tahoe in winter and Santa Cruz in summer Project approaching home stretch – Much progress on energy efficient computing as well as building facilities – SDH as a testbed Review recent progress Direction for next generation project 8

Who is Here? Industrial – Autogrid – Cisco – Ericsson – Fujitsu Labs USA – Korea Electronics Technical Institute (KETI) – Intel – Marvell – Microsoft – Nokia – Oracle – Samsung Industrial – Quanta Computers – VmWare Academic – UC Berkeley EECS, ME, Haas School – Columbia, UMichigan – DTU EE, Univ of Munich Government/Labs – CIEE – LBNL 9

Retreat Schedule Monday, January Load Bus Bus from Berkeley to Lake Tahoe Lunch Introduction and Overview Welcome and Project Overview, Randy Landscape of Berkeley Energy Research, David Energy Technology Update, Arka/Mike Break Lessons Learned from Deployments Controlling a Campus Building, Andrew Laptop Application, Omar sMAP 2.0, Steve 10

Retreat Schedule Monday, January Short Break Dinner Posters and Demonstrations 11

Retreat Schedule Tuesday, January Breakfast New Directions for LoCal 2.0 Societal Scale Energy Management, Randy California Supply Scaling, Jay Flex in California, Sara/Yanpei/Jay Siemens CKI: Technology for Sustainable Cities, Prashanth Third World Deployment, Achintya/Javier Break Short Pitches and Breakouts Lunch + Ski (?) Break 12

Retreat Schedule Tuesday, January Green Information Management MapReduce Energy Efficiency, Yanpei/Sara Power Capping, Arka Lessons from LBNL Building 90, Steve/Rich Brown Dinner + Breakout Discussions Continue Breakout Reports and Discussion 13

Retreat Schedule Wednesday, January Breakfast Potpourri Stirling Engine Update, Mike Demand Response of 199, Jay Managing Data Privacy and Security, Prashanth Break/Room Check-Out/Photo Visitor Feedback Lunch Bus back to Berkeley

Proposed Breakout Topics 1.What is the most effective energy (information) technology to be developed in the next decade that is likely to have the greatest impact on global warming? 2.What is the most effective way to transition LoCal technology developments? Open source, standardization, start-up commercialization? 3.How would you know a good Building OS if you programmed one? What are the figures of merit/attributes of a 21st Century Building OS? 4.Markets vs. Optimization--how should loads and supplies best be matched? 5.What new industries will be possible if high penetration renewables give us cheap but seasonal abundant energy? 6.How do you build & design a net zero grid for the moderate sized island?

Proposed Breakout Topics 7. How do we design for shiftable loads and to enhance power proportionality, particularly at the building/campus/societal scales? 8. What is slack, and how do define slack for a variety of loads? 9. What are useful kinds of energy data analytics, at the building, campus, and societal scales? What are the right figures of merit worth computing? How do you quantify sustainability, for example? 10. What is the minimum operating energy for a specific building, e.g., Soda Hall, and how close are we to achieving the minimum possible? 11. Making the energy case for datacenters: do operators care about energy efficiency? Maximizing utilization vs. energy savings. 12. Buildings vs. computers: which kind of a load should we focus on in the future? What are the high payoff opportunities in computing systems vs. the built environment?