Subjects, Verbs, Objects and Predicate Words Sentence Patterns Subjects, Verbs, Objects and Predicate Words

We have discussed the essential parts of a sentence, a subject and a verb. We also know that a sentence must start with a capital letter, must end with some type of punctuation (period, question mark, or exclamation point), and must make a complete thought. Ex. The Auburn Tigers barely squeaked by the Mississippi State Bulldogs.

Every sentence falls into one of five basic patterns. S=subject DO=Direct Object V=Verb IO=Indirect Object AV=Action Verb PN=Predicate Noun LV=Linking Verb PA=Predicate Adj. 1. S → V 2. S →AV →DO 3. S →AV →IO →DO 4. S →LV →PN 5. S →LV →PA

S →V Ex. Tigers prowl. Often, modifiers are added to give more detail. Ex. Hungry tigers often prowl at night for their prey.

S →AV →DO *Remember, Action Verbs express an action, something that can be performed. A Direct Object receives the action of the verb. Ask yourself “what or whom?” after the verb. Ex. Teachers praise students. With modifiers: Many teachers gladly praise hardworking students during class.

S →AV →IO →DO An Indirect Object tells “to whom or what” the action is directed. The IO always comes between the AV and DO. *There cannot be an Indirect Object in a sentence unless there is a Direct Object. Ex. Beyonce gives fans a smile. With Modifiers: On the Red Carpet, Beyonce very graciously gives her excited fans a flashy smile.

Which sentence pattern does each of these sentences follow? 1. On her way out the door, Selina quickly grabbed her keys on the counter. 2. Our teacher Ms. Benson gave us a Gotcha Ticket for helping a new student.

S→LV →PN A linking verb connects a word in the predicate part of the sentence to the subject. Common linking verbs are am, is, are, was, and were. A predicate noun is a noun in the predicate part of the sentence that renames the subject. Ex. The students on the list are members of the band.

S →LV →PA A predicate adjective is an adjective in the predicate part of the sentence that describes the subject. Ex. The students in the bathroom are late for class.

Action Verb or Linking Verb? There are some verbs that may be used as action or linking verbs depending on how they are used, such as appear, remain, sound, and look. If the verb can be replaced by is, it is a linking verb. Ex. Linking Lindsey looked very excited at the pep rally last week. Action Lindsey looked for her book in her locker.