Data Structures Using C++1 Chapter 4 Standard Template Library (STL)

Data Structures Using C++2 Chapter Objectives Learn about the Standard Template Library (STL) Become familiar with the three basic components of the STL: containers, iterators, and algorithms Explore how vector and deque containers are used to manipulate data in a program Discover the use of iterators

Data Structures Using C++3 Components of the STL Containers Iterators Algorithms

Data Structures Using C++4 Container Types Sequence containers (sequential containers) Associative containers Container adapters

Data Structures Using C++5 Sequence Containers Vector Deque list

Data Structures Using C++6 Ways to Declare and Initialize a Vector Container

Data Structures Using C++7 Operations to Access the Elements of a Vector Container

Data Structures Using C++8 Operations on a Vector Container

Data Structures Using C++9 Functions to Determine the Size of a Vector Container

Data Structures Using C++10 Member Functions Common to All Containers

Data Structures Using C++11 Member Functions Common to All Containers

Data Structures Using C++12 Member Functions Common to All Sequence Containers

Data Structures Using C++13 Prototype of function template copy template outputItr copy(inputIterator first1, inputIterator last, outputIterator first2);

Data Structures Using C++14 Sequence Container: deque Deque: double-ended queue Implemented as dynamic arrays –Elements can be inserted at both ends To use deque container in a program include statement: #include

Data Structures Using C++15 Ways to Declare a deq Object

Data Structures Using C++16 Operations that Can Be Performed on a deq Object

Data Structures Using C++17 Types of Iteration Input Iterators Output Iterators Forward Iterators Bidirectional Iterators Random Access Iterators

Data Structures Using C++18 Operations on an Input Iterator

Data Structures Using C++19 Operations on an Output Iterator

Data Structures Using C++20 Operations on a Forward Iterator

Data Structures Using C++21 Operations on a Bidirectional Iterator

Data Structures Using C++22 Operations on a Random Access Iterator

Data Structures Using C++23 Iterator Hierarchy

Data Structures Using C++24 typedefs Common to All Containers

Data Structures Using C++25 istream_iterator Used to input data into a program from an input stream General syntax: istream_iterator isIdentifier(istream&);

Data Structures Using C++26 ostream_iterator Contains the definition of an output stream iterator General syntax: ostream_iterator osIdentifier(ostream&); or ostream_iterator osIdentifier(ostream&, char* deLimit);

Data Structures Using C++27 Programming Example: Grade Report (Input) A sample input file follows: 345 Lisa Miller Y 4 Mathematics MTH345 4 A Physics PHY357 3 B ComputerSci CSC478 3 B History HIS356 3 A. InputA file containing the data in the form shown previously. Assume the name of the input file is ch4_GradeData.txt and is on floppy disk A.

Data Structures Using C++28 Programming Example: Grade Report (Output) The desired output for each student is of the following form: Student Name: Lisa Miller Student ID: Number of courses enrolled: 4 Course No Course Name Credits Grade CSC478 ComputerSci 3 B HIS356 History 3 A MTH345 Mathematics 4 A PHY357 Physics 3 B

Data Structures Using C++29 Programming Example: Grade Report Course Component –Set the course information –Print the course information –Show the credit hours –Show the course number –Show the grade

Data Structures Using C++30 UML Diagram of the class courseType

Data Structures Using C++31 Programming Example: Grade Report Student Component –Set the student information –Print the student information –Calculate the number of credit hours taken –Calculate the GPA –Calculate the billing amount –Because the grade report will print the courses in ascending order, sort the courses according to the course number

Data Structures Using C++32 UML Diagram of the class studentType and the Inheritance Hierarchy

Data Structures Using C++33 Programming Example: Grade Report (Main Algorithm) Declare the variables Open the input file If the input file does not exist, exit the program Open the output file Get the tuition rate Load the students’ data Print the grade reports

Data Structures Using C++34 Chapter Summary Components of the STL Types of Containers Operations on Containers Sequence Containers –Deque –Vector

Data Structures Using C++35 Chapter Summary Iterators Types of iteration Operations on iterators Programming example