AEC DIE SHOP TRAINING CROSS-SECTIONAL DIMENSION TOLERANCE

AEC DIE SHOP TRAINING Frequently, customer requirements specify tighter and in some cases looser than Aluminum Association Standard tolerances, in these cases, the tolerances will be identified on your facility profile drawing. This presentation is an interpretation of commonly used Aluminum Association tolerances and how they are applied. This is not a complete overview of the standards. Through analysis and writing the presentation, we’ve identified a number of areas where tolerances conflict. In these cases the plant must evaluate the customer needs and specify on the facility drawing the overriding tolerance. An example of conflicting tolerances is illustrated within this presentation. CROSS-SECTIONAL DIMENSION TOLERANCE

SPECIFIED DIMENSION inches TOLERANCE  - INCHES PLUS AND MINUS METAL DIMENSIONSSPACE DIMENSIONS ALLOWABLE DEVIATION FROM SPECIFIED DIMENSION WHERE 75 PERCENT OR MORE OF THE DIMENSION IS METAL   ALLOWABLE DEVIATION FROM SPECIFIED DIMENSION WHERE MORE THAN 25 PERCENT OF THE DIMENSION IS SPACE   All except those covered by column 3 Co. 1 Wall Thickness completely enclosing space 0.11 sq.in. and over (Eccentricity) Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Col. 2 Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Col. 3 Col. 4Col. 5Col. 6Col. 7 Col. 8Col. 9 At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg % of specified dimension +/-.060 max. +/-.010 min 15% of specified dimension +/-.090 max. +/-.015 min Up thru CIRCUMSCRIBING CIRCLE SIZES LESS THAN 10 INCHES IN DIAMETER Cross-Sectional Dimension Tolerances

X (Column #4) Y (Column #2) X (Column #4) All dimensions designated “Y” are classified as “metal dimensions,” and tolerances are determined from column #2. Dimensions designated “X” are classified as “space dimensions through an enclosed void,” and the tolerances applicable are determined from column #4 unless 75 percent or more of the dimension is metal, in which case column #2 applies. Enclosed-Space Dimensions

X C A Y X A A X Y X C A Y X A C Y Tolerances applicable to dimensions “X” are determined as follow: 1.Locate dimension ”X” in column #1. 2.Determine which of the columns 4-9 is applicable, dependent on distance “A”. 3.Locate proper tolerance in column 4,5,6,7,8 or 9 in the same line as dimension “X”. Dimensions “Y” are “metal dimensions”, tolerances are determined from column #2. Distances “C” are shown merely to indicate incorrect values for determining which columns 4-9 apply. Open-Space Dimensions

SPECIFIED DIMENSION inches TOLERANCE  - INCHES PLUS AND MINUS METAL DIMENSIONSSPACE DIMENSIONS ALLOWABLE DEVIATION FROM SPECIFIED DIMENSION WHERE 75 PERCENT OR MORE OF THE DIMENSION IS METAL   ALLOWABLE DEVIATION FROM SPECIFIED DIMENSION WHERE MORE THAN 25 PERCENT OF THE DIMENSION IS SPACE   All except those covered by column 3 Co. 1 Wall Thickness completely enclosing space 0.11 sq.in. and over (Eccentricity) Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Col. 2 Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Col. 3 Col. 4Col. 5Col. 6Col. 7 Col. 8Col. 9 At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg % of specified dimension +/-.060 max. +/-.010 min 15% of specified dimension +/-.090 max. +/-.015 min Up thru CIRCUMSCRIBING CIRCLE SIZES LESS THAN 10 INCHES IN DIAMETER Cross-Sectional Dimension Tolerances ±.026

B X A X A B Tolerances applicable to dimension “X” are determined as follows: 1.Locate distance “B” in column #1. 2.Determine which of columns 4-9 is applicable, dependent on distance “A”. 3.Locate proper tolerance in column 4,5,6,7,8 or 9 in the same line as value chosen for column #1. Open-Space Dimensions

X A X A X Tolerances applicable to dimension “X” are not determined from tolerance chart but from standard tolerances applicable to angles. Open-Space Dimensions

Column #4 Column #2 Column #3 Column #4 - #9 Column #2 Column #4 Note  Note  Cross-Sectional Dimension Tolerances

Width A Depth D The following tolerances apply where the space is completely enclosed (hollow profiles); For the width (A), the balance is the value shown in column #4 for the depth dimension (D). For the depth (D), the tolerance is the value shown in column #4 for the width dimension (A). In no case is the tolerance for either width or depth less than the metal dimensions (column #2) at the corners.

SPECIFIED DIMENSION inches TOLERANCE  - INCHES PLUS AND MINUS METAL DIMENSIONSSPACE DIMENSIONS ALLOWABLE DEVIATION FROM SPECIFIED DIMENSION WHERE 75 PERCENT OR MORE OF THE DIMENSION IS METAL   ALLOWABLE DEVIATION FROM SPECIFIED DIMENSION WHERE MORE THAN 25 PERCENT OF THE DIMENSION IS SPACE   All except those covered by column 3 Co. 1 Wall Thickness completely enclosing space 0.11 sq.in. and over (Eccentricity) Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Col. 2 Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Standard Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys 11 Precision Tolerance All Except 5xxx Alloys Col. 3 Col. 4Col. 5Col. 6Col. 7 Col. 8Col. 9 At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg At Dimensioned Points Inches from Base of Leg % of specified dimension +/-.060 max. +/-.010 min 25% of specified dimension +/-.090 max. +/-.015 min Up thru CIRCUMSCRIBING CIRCLE SIZES LESS THAN 10 INCHES IN DIAMETER / / / /-.024

– – – – and up – Up thru TOLERANCE UP TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO AND UP SURFACE WIDTH – in. MINIMUM THICKNESS OF METAL FORMING THE SURFACE IN. WIDTHS OVER 1 INCH Maximum Allowable Deviation D =Tolerance x W (in.) SURFACES WIDTHS UP THRU 1 INCH OR ANY INCH INCREMENT OF WIDER SURFACES Maximum Allowable Deviation D =Tolerance (in.) W Flatness (Flat Surfaces) HOLLOW PROFILES EXCEPT FOR PROFILES IN O , T3510, T4510, T6510, T73510, T76510 AND T8510 TEMPERS 

Bar, Solid Profiles and Semi-Hollow Profiles EXCEPT FOR PROFILES IN O , T3510, T4510, T6510, T73510, T76510 AND T8510 TEMPERS  – – – – – – Up thru TOLERANCE UP TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO AND UP SURFACE WIDTH – in. MINIMUM THICKNESS OF METAL FORMING THE SURFACE IN. WIDTHS OVER 1 INCH Maximum Allowable Deviation D =Tolerance x W (in.) SURFACES WIDTHS UP THRU 1 INCH OR ANY INCH INCREMENT OF WIDER SURFACES Maximum Allowable Deviation D =Tolerance (in.) W Flatness (Flat Surfaces) D – and up

Flatness (Flat Surfaces) DEVIATION FROM FLAT Measured Properly Measured Improperly

Deviation from Flat Deviation from Flat Deviation from Flat Deviation from Flat Deviation from Flat Deviation from Flat The profile illustrated below is within the max. deviation for the dimension but is over the max. deviation for the dimension therefore out of spec.

COL. 3  COL. 2 COL. 3  COL. 2  ALLOWABLE DEVIATION FROM SPECIFIED ANGLE TOLERANCE Degrees plus and minus RATIO:  LEG OR SURFACE LENGTH TO LEG OR METAL THICKNESS 1 and less Over 1 thru 40 Col. 1Col. 2Col 1211 643643 MINIMUM SPECIFIED LEG THICKNESS In. TEMPER Up thru – and over All except O, TX510  O Up thru – and over ANGULARITY  Extruded Bar and Profiles

 These Standard Tolerances are applicable to the average profile; wider tolerances may be required for some profiles, and closer tolerances may be possible for others.  Tolerances for T3510, T4510, T6510, T76510 and T8510 tempers shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and vendor and at the time the contract or order is entered. Angles are measured with protractors or with gauges. As illustrated, a four point contact system is used, two contact points being as close to the angle vertex as practical, and the others near the ends of the respective surfaces forming the angle. Between these points of measurement surface flatness is the controlling tolerance.  When the area between the surface forming an angle is all metal, values in column 2 apply if the larger surface length to metal thickness ratio is 1 or less.  When two legs are involved the one having the larger ratio determines the applicable column. Footnotes Applicable to ANGULARITY Extruded Bar and Profiles

:1 RATIO :1 RATIO :1 RATIO COL. 2 COL. 3  When the area between the surface forming an angle is all metal, values in column 2 apply if the larger surface length to metal thickness ratio is 1 or less.  When two legs are involved the one having the larger ratio determines the applicable column.