AP Gov’t UNIT III “Mile-a-Minute Mini Lecture” CAMPAIGNS, ELECTIONS & THE MEDIA

Chapter 9: Nominations & Campaigns I. The Nomination Game pg. 270 “WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT BECOMING PRESIDENT WHEN YOU GROW UP” = you need this handout! A. Introduction: Money, media attention & momentum B. Deciding to Run senator, governor, representative = offices from which to make a presidential run C. Competing for Delegates Win state primaries & state caucuses Iowa & New Hampshire Frontloading National Primary or Regional Primary = possibly fix?

% of Media Coverage of Primary Elections

Chapter 9: Nominations & Campaigns D. The Convention Send-off McGovern-Fraser Commission the Democratic Convention only II. The Campaign Game pg. 279 A. The High-Tech Media Campaign Direct mail for fund raising Over 50% of a presidential campaign budget is for TV ads Media events B. Organizing the Campaign Campaign Manager & pollsters Media consultant & press secretary Research staff & campaign counsel

Chapter 9: Nominations & Campaigns III. Money and Campaigning pg. 284 Federal Election Campaign Act of 1974 Created the FEC Limited individual campaign contributions to $1000 Required disclosure Buckley v. Valeo Overturned $1000 limit on an individual spending on their own campaign FECA amended in 1979 to allow Soft Money Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 Raised individual contribution limits to $2000 Banned soft money, by placing limits on how much an individual can donate to a political party

Chapter 9: Nominations & Campaigns B. The Proliferation of PACs Can donate limited amounts to candidates Can spend unlimited amounts endorsing or attacking a candidate C. Are Campaigns Too Expensive? D. Does Money Buy Victory? IV. The Impact of Campaigns pg. 291 Reinforcement / Activation / Conversion Selective Perception Incumbent Advantage “WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS” = you need this handout!

Chapter 9: Nominations & Campaigns V. Understanding Nominations and Campaigns pg. 292 A. Are Nominations and Campaigns Too Democratic? B. Do Campaigns Lead to Increases in the Scope of Government?

Chapter 10: Elections & Voting Behavior I. How American Elections Work pg. 298 Primary Elections General Elections Policy Elections (initiatives & referendums) II. A Tale of Three Elections pg. 299 A. 1800: The First Electoral Transition of Power B. 1896: A Bitter Fight over Economic Interests C. 2000: What a Mess! III. Whether to Vote: A Citizen’s First Choice pg. 304 A. Introduction (expansion of suffrage= lower voter turnout)

Chapter 10: Elections & Voting Behavior B. Deciding Whether to Vote Political Efficacy People who see differences between the parties Civic Duty C. Registering to Vote Contributes to lower voter turnout rates Motor Voter Act of 1993

Chapter 10: Elections & Voting Behavior D. Who Votes? Education Age Race Gender Martial Status Residence Union Members & Gov’t employees

Chapter 10: Elections & Voting Behavior IV. How Americans Vote: Explaining Citizens’ Decisions pg. 310 A. Introduction: mandate theory of elections B. Party Identification C. Candidate Evaluations: How Americans See the Candidates (Looking for integrity / reliability / competence) D. Policy Voting V. The Last Battle: The Electoral College pg. 315 “WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE” = you need this handout! VI. Understanding Elections and Voting Behavior pg. 317 A. Democracy and Elections (Retrospective Voting) B. Elections and the Scope of Government

Chapter 7: The Mass Media I. Introduction pg. 210 High-tech politics: shapes citizens behavior & the policy agenda II. The Mass Media Today pg. 212 Media Events Candidate Image III. The Development of Media Politics pg. 213 A. Introduction: FDR & press conferences Nixon & investigative journalism

Chapter 7: The Mass Media B. The Print Media Newspaper circulation declining News sources are changing & differ by age group C. The Broadcast Media Main source of info Nixon v. Kennedy debate D. Narrowcasting: Cable TV and the Internet

Reporting the News Remember the shrinking Sound Bite??

Chapter 7: The Mass Media IV. Reporting the News pg. 225 A. Introduction News = timely & different News = entertaining to the viewer & profitable to the network B. Finding the News Beats & trial balloons C. Presenting the News Sounds bites / horse race & body watch D. Bias in the News More Dem. Reporters than Rep. Bias toward disaster & scandal / Bias against “talking heads”

Chapter 7: The Mass Media V. The News and Public Opinion pg. 233 VI. The Media’s Agenda-Setting Function pg. 234 VII. Understanding the Mass Media pg. 235 A. The Media and the Scope of Government Press as watch-dog = restricts scope of gov’t Press as reform = calls for increase in scope of gov’t B. Individualism and the Media Candidates can use media to run & raise $$ on their own w/o much party help C. Democracy and the Mass Media More information hasn’t made us more informed