Mr. Marinello * Chippewa Valley TYPES OF GOVERNMENT

 For most of human history there has been some form of government.  Governments are created as a way to order society  Provide protection  Stabilize commerce  Provide national identity  The question is “Who is in charge?” SOMEONE HAS TO BE IN CHARGE

 A government in which one person (or small group of people) has all the power  Monarchy - A form of government in which sovereignty is actually or nominally embodied in a single individual  One of the oldest forms of government  Earliest monarchies date to over 5000 ago  Monarchies can be absolute or constitutional  Current monarchies  The United Kingdom (Constitutional)  Saudi Arabia (Absolute) AUTOCRACY

 Dictatorship - An authoritarian form of government in which a government is ruled by either an individual or an authoritarian party  Dictatorship can exist alongside a constitution  All parts of the government serve the dictator  As old an the Roman Republic  An official is given absolute power over the government for a specific, limited period of time.  Current dictatorships  Cuba  Syria  North Korea AUTOCRACY

 A government where citizens hold the power.  Representative Democracy- Citizens elect leaders to represent their rights and interests in government.  Citizens hold the ultimate authority  Free and fair elections  Monarchies can be absolute or constitutional  Current Representative Democracies  The United States  France  Germany DEMOCRACY

 Direct Democracy - Citizens vote directly on issues and directly decide issues.  Most countries are too big for this to work  Ancient Athens was an example  Definition of “citizen” was limited  Current Direct Democracies  Two canton’s (states) in Switzerland are the only examples. DEMOCRACY

 Each of these can be seen as variation of the other stated forms.  Oligarchy - Rule of the country by a small elite group of people.  Similar to a Dictatorship  If the group are military officers it is called a “junta”  Examples of Oligarchies  South Africa (before 1994)  White minority population ran the state over black majority  Burma (before 2011)  Military junta since 1962 OTHER FORMS

 Theocracy - Rule of the country by an ultimate divine authority.  Religious law is supreme  One religious leader hold all the real power  Found in countries that are extremely religious  Can exist along side a constitution  Can be dictatorial  Current Theocracies  Iran (Muslim)  Vatican City (Christian) OTHER FORMS

THE WORLD IN 2011

CAN THERE BE OVERLAP? DemocracyDictatorship Nazi Germany Iran Russia Zimbabwe

CAN THERE BE OVERLAP? DemocracyMonarchy The United Kingdom Norway Thailand Jordan

CAN THERE BE OVERLAP? OligarchyDictatorship China Iran Russia (1990s) Burma

CAN THERE BE OVERLAP? TheocracyDictatorship Iran Vatican City

CAN THERE BE OVERLAP? The United States? Democracy Oligarchy