Matter SOL 5.4 The student will investigate and understand that matter is anything that has mass, takes up space, and occurs as a solid, liquid, or gas. Key concepts include a) atoms, elements, molecules, and compounds; b) mixtures including solutions; and the effect of heat on the states of matter.

What is matter? Not Matter –Light –Energy –Heat –Sound Matter –Solids –Liquids –Gases –Plasmas –BE Condensates Matter is anything that has mass and volume.

SOLIDS

LIQUIDS

GASES

ATOMS The smallest part of an element that has the chemical properties of that element Made of a nucleus and electrons surround it The nucleus is in the center of the atom and consists of protons and neutrons.

ELEMENTS PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by ordinary chemical means; examples include oxygen, hydrogen, and iron.

MOLECULES A particle made up of a group of atoms that are chemically bonded.

COMPOUNDS A substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically combined. Examples H 2 0 – water CO 2 – carbon dioxide HCl – hydrochloric acid

MIXTURES The thing to remember about mixtures is that you start with some pieces, combine them, and then you can do something to pull those pieces apart again Two or more elements or compounds that are blended without combining chemically Examples Bowl of cereal Eggs Sandwich Blood Glass Air Cement Trail mix

SOLUTIONS A mixture in which one substance dissolves in another. Examples Salad dressing Lemonade Orange juice Milk Coins

PHYSCIAL and CHEMICAL CHANGES A physical change is a change in the substance that doesn’t change what the substance is. An example is tearing paper. A physical change can be reversed. A chemical change is when there is a chemical reaction, a new substance is formed and energy is either given off or absorbed. An example is burning paper. A chemical change can not be reversed.

WHAT IS MATTER??