BELLWORK 1 9/20/11 Write out the questions & answers. 1. What are the reasons for current immigration to the United States? (at least 2) 2. Why were so many immigrants from European countries?

Immigration

Standards 11.2 Students analyze the relationship among the rise of industrialization, large-scale rural-to-urban migration, and massive immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe Know the effects of industrialization on living and working conditions, including the portrayal of working conditions and food safety in Upton Sinclair's The Jungle Describe the changing landscape, including the growth of cities linked by industry and trade, and the development of cities divided according to race, ethnicity, and class.

Old Immigrants Between 1800 and 1880 more than 10 million immigrants came to the US They immigrated from northern and western Europe.

New Immigrants Between 1880 and 1910, about 18 million immigrants came to the US The majority were from southern and eastern Europe: Great Britain, Ireland, and Germany. China Japan West Indies and Mexico

Immigration Stations Immigrants passed through immigration stations: Ellis Island- East coast (New York) Angel Island- West coast (San Francisco)

Immigration Process Had to pass a physical examination Anyone who had a serious health problem or a contagious disease such as tuberculosis was sent home Those who passed reported to an inspector

Legal Requirements 1. Passing a literacy test in their native language 2. Proving that they were able to work 3. Showing they had at least $25

Immigration Restrictions Nativism- favoritism towards native-born Americans “right countries”- British, German, Scandinavian- “historically free, energetic, progressive” “wrong countries”- Slav, Latin, and Asiatic races- “historically down-trodden and stagnant”

Anti-Asian Sentiment West Coast- prejudice against Chinese because immigrants accepted lower wages than natives Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)- banned entry to all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists and government officials The law was not repealed until 1943

Closure Questions 1. Where did the old immigrants come from? New immigrants? 2. What are some reasons for immigration to the United States during the 18 th & 19 th centuries? 3. Which country was excluded from entering the United States?

Urbanization Growth of cities Americanization movement- schools & voluntary associations provided programs aimed at teaching immigrants English, American history and government

Urban Problems Housing Row houses Dumbbell tenements Transportation Horse-drawn streetcar & electric streetcar Water Sanitation Crime

Immigrants Today How are immigrants today perceived/viewed by nativists? How are nativists perceived/viewed by immigrants? What questions would you ask immigrants coming into the United States?

Group Activity In groups, you will create a list of 5 specific questions that you would use to question immigrants who pass through Ellis Island (as though you are an inspector) Have one person record the information on a sheet of paper (with all 4 names)

Question 1 Immigrants came to America for all of the following reasons except: A. Land B. Religious freedom C. To visit relatives D. A better life

Question 2 All of the following immigrants came from the “right countries” (according to Nativists) except: A. British B. German C. Slav D. Scandinavian

Question 3 All of the following races came from the “wrong countries” (according to Nativists) except: A. Asian B. Slav C. Latin D. German

Question 4 All of the following were urban problems except: A. Housing B. Transportation C. Sanitation D. Food

Question 5 Which Asian group first experienced prejudice in America? A. Korean B. Chinese C. Japanese D. Vietnamese

Question 6 True/False: Americans were disliked immigrants because they feared that they would take their low-paying jobs. A. TRUE B. FALSE