 Bacteria constantly release signal molecules  If cell density is not big enough  nothing happens  Threshold density  all bacteria simultaneously.

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Presentation transcript:

 Bacteria constantly release signal molecules  If cell density is not big enough  nothing happens  Threshold density  all bacteria simultaneously carry out gene expression  “Quorum Sensing” from counting as to take a vote before acting

 Acyl homoserine lactones (AHL molecules)  Easy transport of molecules outside of cells

 Precursor Oligopeptides  Must be exported via active transport proteins

 Al-2 molecule is universal  Produced by LuxS enzyme from dihydroxy pentanedione substrate

 Microorganisms form layer with proteins, DNA and long chain sugars  Often pathogenic  Concern for health and food industry ◦ Spoiled food ◦ Biofilms in cystis fibrosis  Quorum sensing plays big role in the high cell density communication and virulence

 Scientists are investigating varied bio-film formations and mutations that could help decrease formation  Looking at mutant luxS enzymes and other quorum sensing systems  Disrupt quorum sensing  disrupt biofilm formation and virulence

 Benign epithelial brain tumor common in children  Cannot spread but presses on vital structures  Can cause stunted growth, obesity, diabetes insipidus, and other morbidity  Hard to remove due to strong adherence to important structures  Often reoccurs

 Ep-CAM gene expression is highly over expressed  Produces Ep-CAM glycoprotein adhesion molecule  Is linked to tumor genesis and metastasis  Makes tumor strongly adherent

 Radiotherapy ◦ Kills healthy cells ◦ High risk of second cancer in children and adolescents

 Silencing Ep-CAM gene by inhibiting transcription through methylation of the promoter region

Aerotolerant E.Coli bacteria engineered to produce invasin protein and produce m5c DNA methyltransferase enzymes on signal Calcification material Ep-CAM glycoprotein Receptor

m5c methyltransferase enzymes Invasin proteins Bacteria Produces

B-1 Integrin receptor Tumor cell Invasin Proteins

Ep-CAM promoter M5c DNA methyltrasnferase enzymes

RNA Polymerase Ep-CAM Transcription

Ep-CAM glycoproteinCalcium depositsm5c methyltransferase production

Methylated CpG Islands on Promoter Ep-CAM Expression 01 10

 No damage to healthy cells  Easy to administer  No radioactive material  Helps surgeons remove tumor  Decrease reoccurrence

 Ep-CAM promoter region specific methylation  Laboratory precaution while working with cells with invasin  Precautions to keep bacteria from evolving and reproducing out of control

 Testing on tissue culture and many other steps before reaching human testing  Similar system could be tweaked and developed for other cancers

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