The “Big Stick” America

Old Foreign Policy Colonization Colonization Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine Manifest Destiny Manifest Destiny

New American Views America had a new sense of world power America had a new sense of world power President felt overseas did not have to be concerned with Congress or public, could exercise unfettered power. President felt overseas did not have to be concerned with Congress or public, could exercise unfettered power.

Teddy Roosevelt Foreign Policy Beliefs Active in foreign policy Active in foreign policy Using American power in world is important Using American power in world is important Distinction between: Distinction between: –Civilized: white, Anglo-Saxon or Teutonic; economically superior, produced industrial goods –Uncivilized: non-white, Latin or Slavic, economically inferior, supplied raw materials and markets. –Economic relationship between the two was vital to both. Therefore, Civilized nation had the right to intervene in an uncivilized nation. Therefore, Civilized nation had the right to intervene in an uncivilized nation.

“Speak softly, but carry a big stick.”

What is “The Big Stick” Policy Presses’ name for Roosevelt’s foreign policy in Latin America and Caribbean Presses’ name for Roosevelt’s foreign policy in Latin America and Caribbean Aka. the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. Aka. the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. –Unwilling to share trading rights, military control with any other nations in Latin America. Idea is to police the small debtor nations that had unstable governments, so there would be no intrusions from European nations. Idea is to police the small debtor nations that had unstable governments, so there would be no intrusions from European nations.

The Great White Fleet How are each of the following examples of the “Big Stick” policy? How are each of the following examples of the “Big Stick” policy? –The Treaty of Portsmouth/Great White Fleet –Venezuela –US warships used to ensure Panama’s independence –Building of Panama Canal –Platt Amendment

Taft Dollar Diplomacy Did not share TR’s vision of world stability Did not share TR’s vision of world stability Rather, wanted to expand American investments into less-developed regions. Rather, wanted to expand American investments into less-developed regions. Policy of using the U.S. gov. to guarantee loans made to foreign nations by American businesses. Policy of using the U.S. gov. to guarantee loans made to foreign nations by American businesses. Most visible in Caribbean Most visible in Caribbean Example – Nicaragua – supported insurgents, lent them money to stabilize government, backed up new gov. when another insurgency took place 2 yrs later. Example – Nicaragua – supported insurgents, lent them money to stabilize government, backed up new gov. when another insurgency took place 2 yrs later.

Progressing Foreign Policy Original Monroe Doctrine – warned Europe from expanding influence in Latin America Original Monroe Doctrine – warned Europe from expanding influence in Latin America Roosevelt Corollary – US has right to exercise international police power in Western Hemisphere Roosevelt Corollary – US has right to exercise international police power in Western Hemisphere 1913, Wilson brought MORAL tone to the Monroe Doctrine 1913, Wilson brought MORAL tone to the Monroe Doctrine

Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy A “missionary diplomacy” – had a moral responsibility to deny recognition to any Latin American gov. it viewed as oppressive, undemocrative, or hostile to U.S. interests. A “missionary diplomacy” – had a moral responsibility to deny recognition to any Latin American gov. it viewed as oppressive, undemocrative, or hostile to U.S. interests. Prior, US had recognized any gov. that controlled a nation, regardless of policies or seizure of power. Prior, US had recognized any gov. that controlled a nation, regardless of policies or seizure of power. New Policy pressured western hemisphere to establish democratic governments. New Policy pressured western hemisphere to establish democratic governments.

Examples of Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy Dominican Republic Dominican Republic Haiti Haiti Dutch West Indies Dutch West Indies Mexico Mexico