ENZYMES Who cares?. ENZYMES  speed up chemical reactions  put chemicals together (synthesis reactions)  break chemicals apart (decomposition)

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Presentation transcript:

ENZYMES Who cares?

ENZYMES  speed up chemical reactions  put chemicals together (synthesis reactions)  break chemicals apart (decomposition)

CHEMICAL REACTIONS Like….

CELL RESPIRATION

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

FERMENTATION C 6 H 12 O 6 CH 3 CH 2 OH + CO 2 + ATP glucoseethanol

ENZYMES ARE PROTEINS  Organic molecules  Made up of amino acids  Proteins are coded for by genes made of DNA

ENZYMES

 Enzymes have a particular shape designed for their substrate  Only work at certain pH or temperature ENZYMES ARE SPECIFIC

THE ENZYME HALL OF FAME Powerful proteins!

LACTASE

 Breaks down the sugar lactose into simple sugars  Lactose is the sugar in milk LACTASE

 Artificial form of lactase  Taken in pill or drop form by those who are “lactose intolerant”  Those who do not synthesize enough lactase LACTAID

SUCRASE

AMYLASE Alpha-amylase Glucoamylase

THE ROLE OF AMYLASE

 Found in plants and algae  Takes CO 2 molecules and combines them into glucose  Most abundant enzyme on Earth RUBISCO

 Breaks down large molecules into small molecules  Small molecules like glucose can be absorbed into the blood  Large molecules like starch are too big to be absorbed DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

THE SITE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS: THE CHLOROPLAST