Digital Divide in Russia Alexey Soldatov, RRC “Kurchatov Institute”

Overall US-Russia Traffic Growth Gigabytes Per Month

Network Growth After December 2001, Moscow December 2001: Kurchatov Institute/RIPN becomes primary network operator and opens new 45 Mbps network to S&E users across Russia – including many new institutions in Moscow

Users of Advanced Network Services Note: Drop in European IPs in summer, 2003 due to network improvements in Europe permitting direct exchange of European-Russia traffic in Europe. Note: Drop in European IPs in summer, 2003 due to network improvements in Europe permitting direct exchange of European-Russia traffic in Europe.

High Energy Physics Applications Note: During some months, 40% of all traffic from Russia across the high speed network is from Russian High Energy Physics community. Note: During some months, 40% of all traffic from Russia across the high speed network is from Russian High Energy Physics community.

to develop computer communications in the interests of Research & Education (R&E); to coordinate IP networking in Russia; to promote research studies in the field of computer communications; to support R&E organizations in getting access to the Internet information resources via public networks. Russian Institute for Public Network Russian Institute for Public Networks (RIPN) has been founded by Russian Ministry of Science, Russian Ministry of Education and Russian Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute". The aims declared were the following:

RBNet general information About 50 points of presence around Russia Backbone services for R&E networks: regional, corporate, specialized … Two-level architecture Protocols supported: -IP -Frame relay -ATM -IP MPLS VPN services Support of regional Internet Exchanges

General Scheme of R&D networking in Russia

RBNet links (General scheme)

RBNet links (European part and Ural)

RBNet links (Siberia and Far East)

RBNet-2 links (Plan for 2004 year)

Moscow RBNet PoP Distributed architecture (3 PoPs) Transport system: Gigabit Ethernet and ATM (155/622Mbps) Fiber optic network (about 200 km) 24*7 support by RIPN NOC location: Kurchatov Institute

Plan of development – 2004 International links: –622 Mbps Moscow-Stockholm (RBNet POP) –2x155 Mbps Stockholm-Chicago (connection to Star TAP/ StarLight via FASTNet) –2x155 Mbps, connection to GEANT in Stockholm Domestic –155 Mbps Novosibirsk-Moscow –90 Mbps Ekaterinburg-Moscow –45 Mbps Khabarovsk-Novosibirsk –45 Mbps Kazan-N.Novgorod-Moscow

Note 10 Gbps Connections to Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary Pan-European Multi-Gigabit Backbone (33 Countries) January 2004 Planning Underway for “GEANT2” (GN2) Multi-Lambda Backbone, to Start In 2005

RUNNET

TRANSTELECOM

Moscow city map. Location of HEP centers are indicated, as well location of M9-Internet-Exchange Point M9-IX

GLOBAL RING NETWORK FOR ADVANCED APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT Russia-China-USA Science & Education Network