COLONIAL DEVELOPMENT Why did people immigrate the American colonies? How did the colonies develop to differently as a result? How did geography affect development?

WHAT WERE THE PUSH AND PULL FACTORS FOR IMMIGRATION? Protestant Reformation Headright System 50 acres for each paid passage Indentured servants, contracted work for set # of years

TYPES OF COLONIES AND GOVERNMENTS  All colonies began with a charter from an English Monarch  Corporate colonies- business to make money (Jamestown) (joint stock company)  Royal Colonies- under direct authority and rule of King’s gov’t (Virginia after 1624)  Proprietary Colonies- under authority of individuals who have power to own land and run gov’t, granted by King ( Maryland and Pennsylvania)

TYPES OF COLONIES AND GOVERNMENTS  Early forms of government  Mayflower Compact- direct democracy  Maryland Act of Toleration- religious freedom  Virginia’s House of Burgesses- bicameral legislature  Fundamental Orders of Connecticut- first constitution, representative gov’t by popular vote, governor chosen by legislature

TYPES OF COLONIES AND GOVERNMENTS  Early forms of unity  New England Confederation- 1643Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut, New Haven military alliance to protect from Natives and deal with boundary disputes  Success in King Phillip’s War

OTHER RANDOM COLONIES  Pennsylavania  Quakers offered tolerance to all, full equality among men and women, pacifists  William Penn “the Holy Experiment”  Advertised in England  Georgia  Defensive buffer from Spanish Florida  Reduce crowded jails in London, by allowing “debtors” to start a new life in America  Rhode Island  Roger Willliams, Puritan minister kicked out of Mass. Bay  Full religious freedom  Purchase land from Natives

SLAVERY AND THE TRIANGLE TRADE 1619 the first ship of Africans arrived at Jamestown No distinction of indentured servants (black or white) John Punch 1640 Slave codes 1662 Slaves were chattle (property Born into slavery By 1680 black slaves outnumbered white indentured servants Emerged into racial slavery

MERCANTILISM- GOOD OR BAD?  Colonies exist to make money for the “mother country”  Colonies provide natural resources/raw materials that enrich the parent country  Acts of Trade and Navigation ( )  Trade only on English or Colonial built ships, operated by the same  All goods imported into the colonies could pass only through ports in England  Specific goods could only be exported to England from colonies (Tobacco)  Positive  New England Ship building prospered  Chesapeake tobacco had a monopoly in England  English military protected colonies from attacks from French and Spanish  Salutary Neglect (beneficial for England to lightly enforce)  Negative  Colonial manufacturing was limited  Chesapeake farmers received low prices for goods  Colonists paid high prices for Manufactured goods from England

Triangle Trade Routes African Slave trade video