Physics. Pendulum Lab What is the relationship between the length and the period of a pendulum?

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Presentation transcript:

Physics

Pendulum Lab What is the relationship between the length and the period of a pendulum?

Pendulum Lab What is the relationship between the length and the period of a pendulum? (Draw a picture)

Pendulum Lab What is the relationship between the length and the period of a pendulum? (Draw a picture) Define: Length Period=time for one full swing, forward and back

Pendulum Lab What is the relationship between the length and the period of a pendulum? Data: Measure and record a length, measure and record its period Length (cm)Period (s)

A few thoughts: – Find many data points – Use the full range – Repeat trials to reduce uncertainty – Control your protocol

Length (cm)Period (s) A few thoughts: – Find many data points – Use the full range – Repeat trials to reduce uncertainty – Control your protocol

Length (cm)Period (s) Length (cm)Period x 10 (s)

Pendulum Lab What is the relationship between the length and the period of a pendulum? Graph it. Independent variable on the bottom

Pendulum Lab Do you see the parabola?

Pendulum Lab Write a relationship: Length is related to the period squared. (  Period is related to the square root of the length)

Pendulum Lab Period is related to the square root of the length Write an equation T=k √ L

Calculate and graph Square root of lengthPeriod Slope = 2.1 s/√cm

Pendulum Lab Period is related to the square root of the length Write a conclusion T=(2.1s/√cm) √ L

Measurement Lab Measure carefully. Estimate one digit Include a unit with each value. Show all of your work in the calculations (see pp 18 and 22 of your planner for equations) – Consider significant figures at each step – Include units at each step

At 30 km/h

At 75 km/h

Velocity --a vector, including a speed and a direction --units are meters/second (m/s) Common speeds: --walking pace ~2 m/s --highway speed ~30 m/s

Position/Time graph

Velocity/Time graph

Acceleration/Time graph

Kinematics

Constant motion 1)A sprinter runs at 10.0 m/s for 3.5 s. How far does he travel? 2)A car travels 1500 m in 45 s. What is its speed? 3)An airplane flies at 240 m/s from Denver to Kansas City, a distance of 1,000,000 m. How long does the flight take?

10 m/s for 10 s

That’s 100 m total!

5 m/s for 20 s

That’s also 100 m total!

Accelerated motion 1)A sprinter reaches 10.0 m/s in 2.95 s after the start of a race. What is his acceleration? 2)An airplane accelerates from rest to 180 m/s at an acceleration of 6.0 m/s 2. How long does this take-off last? 3)A car accelerates at 3.0 m/s 2 for 12 s. What is its change in speed?

10 m/s for 10 s That’s 100 m total!

From rest to 20 m/s in 10 s

That’s 100 m total!

Accelerated motion 1)A sprinter reaches 10.0 m/s in 2.95 s after the start of a race. What is his acceleration? 2)An airplane accelerates from rest to 180 m/s at an acceleration of 6.0 m/s 2. How long does this take-off last? 3)A car accelerates from rest at 3.0 m/s 2 for 12 s. What is its change in speed? What distance is covered in each of these cases?

…is dropped from a height of… Two things are given here! 1)v i =0 m/s and 2)a=-9.8 m/s 2

…is thrown vertically… 1)a=-9.8 m/s 2 2)The object rises as long as v>0 m/s, then it turns around and falls. 3)Rising time = falling time

…is thrown horizontally… 1)v iy =0 m/s 2)a y =-9.8 m/s 2 3)v x is given, and constant 4)Time is the same for both x and y motion

…is thrown at an angle of… This is the big one—ballistic motion. 1)Separate motion into x and y components. 2)Calculate time in the air by the v y component 3)Motion in the x direction is constant. 4)Highest point is halfway through the flight 5)Rising and falling times are equal if the height is the same.