CJO3 EOC Review 2014-2015. Unit 9 – Blood and DNA O 25.05 – Describe blood type identification procedures and DNA profiling.

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Presentation transcript:

CJO3 EOC Review

Unit 9 – Blood and DNA O – Describe blood type identification procedures and DNA profiling

What are the components of blood? O Red blood cells O White blood cells O Platelets O Plasma

Which component of blood can be a source of blood typing evidence? Why? O Red blood cells O Blood typing proteins are found on the cell/plasma membrane of RBCs

What type of evidence is blood type? Why? O Class O More than one person can have the same blood type

How is blood type determined? O With an antibody reaction test O Agglutination (clumping) = presence of protein being tested for

How are the results of blood typing tests interpreted? O Only protein A = Type A O Only protein B = Type B O Both proteins A and B = Type AB O Neither proteins A or B = Type O (most common) O Rh = + O No Rh = -

What is a presumptive blood test? O Test that allows investigators to determine if a substance could be blood O Detects hemoglobin

How is a Kastle-Meyer presumptive test conducted? O 1) Wet a swab with distilled water and rub the stain O 2) Add 1-2 drops of ethyl alcohol, phenolphthalein, and hydrogen peroxide in that order O 3) A pink color within seconds is a positive result

Which component of blood can be a source of DNA evidence? Why? O White blood cells O They are the only blood cell with a nucleus

What type of evidence is DNA? Why? O Individual O It is capable of identifying a specific individual

What are the steps of DNA sequencing? O 1) Extraction – Removing DNA from the cell nucleus O 2) Restriction Fragments – Cutting the DNA into smaller pieces O 3) Amplification – Copying the DNA O 4) Electrophoresis – Separating the DNA within an electric field by size (produces a DNA fingerprint/profile)

Be able to complete a DNA profile analysis