Information System InformationSystemKnowledgedata

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems2 Information n concept n constraint n communication n control n form n instruction n knowledge n meaning, mental stimulus n pattern n perception n representation

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems3 Knowledge n expertise, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education n the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject, what is known in a particular field or in total n facts and information or awareness or familiarity gained by experience of a fact or situation n Philosophical debates in general start with Plato's formulation of knowledge as "justified true belief". There is however no single agreed definition of knowledge presently, nor any prospect of one, and there remain numerous competing theories.

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems4 Data n Collection of facts as the result of –experience –observation –experiment n This may consist of –numbers –words –images

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems5 Information/Data n Information is an useful environment status n Data is a materialized information n Data is an artifact – human made

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems6 System n Interacting/interrelated components n interdependent components n real or abstract n forming an integrated whole – has boundary – input – output

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems7 Examples n Banking system n Education system n Transportation system n Computer system

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems8 Graphic Model of a System n Context-level data flow diagram n Entity-Relationship Diagram n Use Case Model

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems9 Context-Level Data Flow Model n Context-level data flow diagram – Process – Entity – Data flow

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems10 Entity-Relationship Model n Entity-Relationship Diagram – Entity – Relationship n one-to-one n one-to-many n many-to-many

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems11 Use Case Model n Use Case diagram – Actor – Use Case Symbol – Connecting line

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems12 Management Levels n Levels of management – Strategic level – Managerial level n planning n control – Operational level n base on predetermined rules

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems13 Strategic Level Make decisions on – long-term goal – multiple decision objectives

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems14 Managerial Level Make decision on – short-term planning –control n resources n forecasting future resources n solving employee problems Partly Operational Partly Strategic

3/5/2002e-business and Information Systems15 Operational Level Make decisions n based on predetermined rules – single decision objective n that affect implementation in – work scheduling – inventory control – shipping – receiving – control of processes (such as production)