Anesthesia 4-H Veterinary Science Extension Veterinary Medicine Texas AgriLife Extension Service College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science Texas A&M System http://aevm.tamu.edu

Objectives Describe the effects of anesthesia Describe types of anesthesia Describe the states of anesthesia

Definition General or local insensibility, as to pain and other sensation, induced by certain interventions or drugs to permit the performance of surgery or other painful procedures Controlled, reversible intoxication of the nervous system Humane

#1 Priority – patient safety Remember Various species of animals react differently Animals differ in size and temperament Animal species differ in anatomy and physiology The patient must be properly restrained, physically and/or chemically for smooth, effective and safe deliver #1 Priority – patient safety

Groups of anesthetics Local General Spinal Volatile Non-volatile Deaden sensory nervous in small area General Entire CNS and produces unconsciousness Spinal Interrupts function of nerves within spinal cord Volatile Air mixtures that animal breathes Examples: nitrous oxide, halothane Non-volatile Injected IV Examples: thiopental sodium, magnesium sulfate

Anesthesia Choice What’s available Species of animal Size of animal Location of operation Extent of operation Overall health condition of the animal Temperament of animal Cost of the anesthetic Familiarity with the anesthetic Availability of trained persons to monitor animal

Stages of Anesthesia Stage 1: Voluntary Movement Opposition by patient to flexing and extending the legs Stage 2: Involuntary Movement Decrease and loss of reflexes Stage 3: Surgical Anesthesia Respiration rate and depth and muscle tone Stage 4: Paralysis Color of blood in the surgical site

Anesthesia overdose Cause depression Paralysis of respiration